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Classification
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Chapter 17- Organism

Organizing Life's Diversity

QuestionAnswer
Classification The grouping of organisms based on a set of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain information.
Taxonomy A discipline of Biology primarily concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species based on natural relationships.
Binomial Nomenclature Linnaeus's system of naming organisms which gives a scientific two word Latin name to species- the first being the genus name and the second being the specific epithet.
Classification Hierarchy Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Domain The broadest of all of the taxa; contains one or more kingdoms.
Ancestral Character Traits that two species share because of common ancestry.
Derived Character Traits that evolved in one species after it branched off from others.
Outgroup A species or group of species closely related to but not included within a taxon.
Phylogeny The evolutionary history of a species
Cladogram A branching diagram that represents the proposed evolutionary history of a species or group
Archae Any of the unicellular microorganisms that is genetically distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and often inhabiting extreme environmental conditions.
Bacteria Microscopic prokaryotes. Most are benficial to humans and to the environment, but a small percentage can casue disease.
Eukarya The domain comprised of eukaryotes or organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus.
Archaebacteria Prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan.
Eubacteria Prokaryotes whose cell walls contain peptidoglycan.
Protista A taxonomic kingdom comprised of protists, characterized by being eukaryotic and mostly single-celled
Plantae The taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct plants.
Fungi A (taxonomic) group that includes heterotrophic eukaryotes that are usually filamentous, devoid of chlorophyll, with chitinous cell wall, and produces spores.
Animalia Taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct animals.
Taxon/Taxa Any group or rank in a biological classification into which related organisms are classified.
Created by: curtismc
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