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DNA Replications
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What were the 3 models of replication propose?
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Lecture #9

DNA Replication and Functions

QuestionAnswer
DNA Replications a. Semi-conservative b. Replication is bidirectional and initiates at specific site c. Chromosomes ends require special replication d. Replication requires multiple enzymatic reactions
What were the 3 models of replication propose? 1. Semi-conservative 2. Conservative 3. Dispersive
Semi-conservative DNA replication produces DNA molecules with 1 parental and 1 newly made strand
Conservative DNA replications produces 1 double helix with both parental strands and other with 2 new daughter strands.
Dispersive DNA replication produces DNA strands in which segments of new DNA are integrated with parental strand.
DNA is copied semi-conservative a. 2 parental strands separate and serves as template strands. b. new nucleotides must obey the AT/GC rule c. end results with 2 new double helix and with same base sequence as original
What is the origin of replication? site of start point for replication
Which way is replication going? Replication is bidirectional in which it proceeds outward in both directions
How is bacteria and eukaryotic differ in their replication? Bacteria has only a single point of replication while eukaryote has multiple origins of replication
What is the origin of replication? it forms an opening called a replication bubble that forms two replication folks.
Where is DNA replication occur? near the folk
How is DNA synthesis begins? It begins with a primer attached and proceeds from 5-3 prime
Leading strand Made in direction fork is moving and synthesize as one long continuous strand and only require one primer
Lagging strand It is made as Okazaki fragments that have to be connected later and requires multiple primer
Synthesize Lagging strand a. Primase synthesizes short RNA oligonucleotides copied from DNA b. DNA polymerase III elongates RNA primers with new DNA c. DNA polymerase I removes RNA at the 5 prime end of neighboring fragment and fills the gap d. DNA ligase connect the DNA
DNA helicase binds to DNA and travels from 5 to 3; uses ATP to separate strands and move fork.
DNA topoisomerase relieves additional coiling ahead of replication fork
Single-strand binding protein keep parental strands single-stranded, so they can act as template
DNA polymerase covalently links nucleotides and uses deoxynucleoside triphosphate
Deoxynucleoside triphosphate breaking covalent bonds to release pyrophosphate provides energy to connect adjacent nucleotides
Characteristic of DNA polymerase 1. unable to initiate DNA synthesis if there is no template strand. Primase must make a short RNA primer and then primer is then removed and replaced with DNA 2. DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in a 5 to 3 prime direction
5 types of DNA polymerase 1. Polymerase III which is responsible for replication 2. DNA polymerase I has single subunit which is to remove RNA primer and fills in DNA 3. DNA II, IV involved in repair and replicate damage DNA
What happen if there is not any template strand to go off? This causes DNA strand to shortens and it can be solves
Telomeres series of repeated sequences of DNA and its only in eukryotes at the 3 prime end, it does not have a complementary strand and its called an 3 prime overhang
Telomerase it prevents the chromosome from shortening and attached many copies of repeated DNA sequences to the ends of chromosome and provide upstream site for RNA primer
Created by: mung44
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