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Dermatophytes

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QuestionAnswer
Dermatophytosis is Infections of keratinized tissue: hair, skin, nails
Most common dermatophytosis Ringworm
3 major genera that cause dermatophytosis Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton
Ectothrix Colonizes outside of hair shaft
Endothrix Colonizes hair follicle first, grows inside hair shaft
Onychomycosis Infection of nail and nail bed
Culturing for dermatophytosis SAB with and w/o inhibitory agents; 30C for 4 weeks
Trichophyton characteristics Macroconidia are rare, thin walled, rough; Microconidia are numerous
Microsporum characteristics Macroconidia are numerous, thick walled, rough; microconidia are usually present
Epidermophyton characteristics Macroconidia are numerous, thin and thick walled, smooth; Microconidia not formed
Microsporum audouinii transmission Anthropophilic, children
Microsporum audouinii macro Light-tan front, salmon to colorless reverse; + woods lamp fluorescence; no growth on sterile rice media
Microsporum audouinii micro Rare distorted macroconidia; rare microconidia
Microsporum canis transmission Zoophilic, infects skin and hair
Microsporum canis macro Bright yellow colony reverse, especially on PDA; + woods lamp fluorescence
Microsporum canis micro Large spindle shaped macroconidia, 3-15 cells, tapering ends; many microcinidia
Microsporum gypseum transmission Geophilic, not commonly infective but if is skin and hair
Microsporum gypseum macro Rapid grower; powdery, granular, buff to brown
Microsporum gypseum micro "Rowboat" shaped macroconidia, 6 or less septa
Microsporum nanum transmission Zoophilic, rare cause of tinea corporis in humans
Microsporum nanum macro Flat beige, brown or white
Microsporum nanum micro Small macroconidia, 1 or 2 septa
Epidermophyton floccosum transmission Anthropophilic, tinea cruris (pedis, unguium); Does Not infect hair
Epidermophyton floccosum macro Khaki-yellow
Epidermophyton floccosum micro No microconidia; macroconidia smooth walled, club-shaped, groupings,(beaver's tail)
Trichophyton mentagrophytes transmission Anthropophilic and zoophilic; infects skin, hair, nails
Trichophyton mentagrophytes is the most common cause of Athlete's foot
Trichophyton mentagrophytes macro Buff and powdery to white, cottony, reverse may be yellow, brown, colorless or red
Trichophyton mentagrophytes micro Spiral hyphae; round clustering microconidia and cigar shaped macroconidia
Trichophyton mentagrophytes lab tests Urease +, hair perforation +
Trichophyton rubrum transmission Anthropophilic, most commonly infects skin, nails; if infects hair is ectothrix
Trichophyton rubrum macro White fluffy colony, red reverse
Trichophyton rubrum micro Teardrop shaped microconidia; rare macroconidia
Trichophyton rubrum lab tests Urease -, hair perforation -
Trichophyton tonsurans transmission Anthropophilic, Endothrix-most common in US, "black dot" tinea capititis
Trichophyton tonsurans macro Beige to olive, granular, brown rust edge
Trichophyton tonsurans micro Size and shape variation in microconidia
Special growth requirement of Trichophyton tonsurans Thiamine
Trichophyton schoenleinii transmission Anthropophilic, endothrix
Trichophyton schoenleinii macro Orange, brown, wrinkled when young, flat when mature; SLOW growing
Trichophyton schoenleinii micro No macroconidia; rare microconidia; antler shaped hyphae
Created by: blackicecreamcat
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