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Dermatophytes
Mod 2 Lec 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dermatophytosis is | Infections of keratinized tissue: hair, skin, nails |
| Most common dermatophytosis | Ringworm |
| 3 major genera that cause dermatophytosis | Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton |
| Ectothrix | Colonizes outside of hair shaft |
| Endothrix | Colonizes hair follicle first, grows inside hair shaft |
| Onychomycosis | Infection of nail and nail bed |
| Culturing for dermatophytosis | SAB with and w/o inhibitory agents; 30C for 4 weeks |
| Trichophyton characteristics | Macroconidia are rare, thin walled, rough; Microconidia are numerous |
| Microsporum characteristics | Macroconidia are numerous, thick walled, rough; microconidia are usually present |
| Epidermophyton characteristics | Macroconidia are numerous, thin and thick walled, smooth; Microconidia not formed |
| Microsporum audouinii transmission | Anthropophilic, children |
| Microsporum audouinii macro | Light-tan front, salmon to colorless reverse; + woods lamp fluorescence; no growth on sterile rice media |
| Microsporum audouinii micro | Rare distorted macroconidia; rare microconidia |
| Microsporum canis transmission | Zoophilic, infects skin and hair |
| Microsporum canis macro | Bright yellow colony reverse, especially on PDA; + woods lamp fluorescence |
| Microsporum canis micro | Large spindle shaped macroconidia, 3-15 cells, tapering ends; many microcinidia |
| Microsporum gypseum transmission | Geophilic, not commonly infective but if is skin and hair |
| Microsporum gypseum macro | Rapid grower; powdery, granular, buff to brown |
| Microsporum gypseum micro | "Rowboat" shaped macroconidia, 6 or less septa |
| Microsporum nanum transmission | Zoophilic, rare cause of tinea corporis in humans |
| Microsporum nanum macro | Flat beige, brown or white |
| Microsporum nanum micro | Small macroconidia, 1 or 2 septa |
| Epidermophyton floccosum transmission | Anthropophilic, tinea cruris (pedis, unguium); Does Not infect hair |
| Epidermophyton floccosum macro | Khaki-yellow |
| Epidermophyton floccosum micro | No microconidia; macroconidia smooth walled, club-shaped, groupings,(beaver's tail) |
| Trichophyton mentagrophytes transmission | Anthropophilic and zoophilic; infects skin, hair, nails |
| Trichophyton mentagrophytes is the most common cause of | Athlete's foot |
| Trichophyton mentagrophytes macro | Buff and powdery to white, cottony, reverse may be yellow, brown, colorless or red |
| Trichophyton mentagrophytes micro | Spiral hyphae; round clustering microconidia and cigar shaped macroconidia |
| Trichophyton mentagrophytes lab tests | Urease +, hair perforation + |
| Trichophyton rubrum transmission | Anthropophilic, most commonly infects skin, nails; if infects hair is ectothrix |
| Trichophyton rubrum macro | White fluffy colony, red reverse |
| Trichophyton rubrum micro | Teardrop shaped microconidia; rare macroconidia |
| Trichophyton rubrum lab tests | Urease -, hair perforation - |
| Trichophyton tonsurans transmission | Anthropophilic, Endothrix-most common in US, "black dot" tinea capititis |
| Trichophyton tonsurans macro | Beige to olive, granular, brown rust edge |
| Trichophyton tonsurans micro | Size and shape variation in microconidia |
| Special growth requirement of Trichophyton tonsurans | Thiamine |
| Trichophyton schoenleinii transmission | Anthropophilic, endothrix |
| Trichophyton schoenleinii macro | Orange, brown, wrinkled when young, flat when mature; SLOW growing |
| Trichophyton schoenleinii micro | No macroconidia; rare microconidia; antler shaped hyphae |
Created by:
blackicecreamcat
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