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Ch 10 nervous system
Chabner, The Language of Medicine 8th edition chapter 10 pathological conditions
pathologic conditions | answers to conditions |
---|---|
hydrocephalus | abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the brain |
spina bifida | congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect) |
alzheimer disease (AD) | brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia) with personality changes and impairment of daily functioning |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-Lou Gehrid's disease | degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem |
epilepsy | chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity |
Huntington disease | hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration |
multiple sclerosis (MS) | destruction of myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue |
myasthenia gravis (MG) | autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness (-asthenia) of voluntary muscles (attached to bones) |
palsy | paralysis ( partial or complete loss of motor function) |
parkinson disease (parkinsonism) | degeneration of neurons in basal ganglia occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles and slowness of movement |
herpes zoster (shingles) | viral infection affecting peripheral nerves -skin innervation by spinal or cranial nerves is called dermatome |
meningitis | inflammation of the meninges; leptomeningitis |
human immundeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy | brain disease and dementia occurring with AIDS |
brain tumor | abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges |
cerebral conclussion | temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury |
cerbral contusion | bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head |
cerbrovascular accident (CV) | disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke |