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Hem1 Chp9 test DelTe
For test in Hematology 1 DelTech Owens campus chapter 9 through 11 and 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main function of RBCs? | To deliver oxygen. |
| You need what kind of iron in your body so your RBCs can transport oxygen? | Fe 2+ |
| What pathway assists in maintaining Fe 2? | Methemoglobin reductase pathway |
| Glucose is required to generate __. | ATP |
| Glucose enters the erythrocyte by __ __ __. | Facilitated membrane transport |
| When we are born, are bones have only __ marrow. | red |
| When does yellow marrow begin to replace the red marrow in the long bones of extremities? | 5th to 7th year |
| Adult hematopoietic tissue is limited to the __ skeleton and the __ portions of the extremities. | axial, proximal |
| Bone marrow sampling will depend on the __ of the patient. | age |
| The __ crest is a source of red marrow in adults. | iliac |
| What is the favored site for obtaining bone marrow aspirate and core biopsy specimen? | Posterior iliac crest |
| A bone marrow needle is technically called a __ __. | jamshidi needle |
| Iron is absorbed in the __ and the __. | duodinum, jejunum (both are sections of the small intestine) |
| What is a carrier protein for iron which goes to hematopoietic tissue? | Transferrin (iron enters circulation bound to transferrin) |
| Some iron is temporarily stored as __. | Ferritin |
| What are the 3 principal regulators of iron? | transferrin, transferrin receptor, ferritin |
| What are the 3 regulators regulated by? | Iron-responsive element binding protein (IRE-BP) |
| What is transferrin called when there is no iron attached? | apoferritin |
| Where is transferrin produced? | the liver |
| Iron stored in degraded Ferritin is called __. | Hemosiderin. (The iron within deposits of hemosiderin is very poorly available to supply iron when needed.) |
| In what organs is iron stored? | liver, bone marrow, and spleen |
| What does a measurement of Serum Ferritin indicate? | Iron stores in the body |
| What does a measurement of Serum Iron indicate? | Tissue iron supply |
| What does a measurement of TIBC/transferrin indicate? | Tissue iron supply |
| What does a measurement of bone marrow sideroblast count indicate? | Functional iron available |
| What is the main component of RBCs? | Hemoglobin |
| What gives blood it's red color? | Heme |
| Heme biosynthesis happens where? | mitochondria & cytoplasm of erythrocyte precursors (from rubriblast to retics) in the bone marrow. |
| Mature erythrocytes cannot synthesize __. | Heme |
| What vitamin does heme biosynthesis require? | B6 |
| Heme biosynthesis begins with condensation of _ and __. | glycine, coenzyme A |
| During heme biosynthesis, glycine and coenzyme A (CoA) are catalyzed by __ __ synthase to form __. | delta ALA synthase, ALA |
| What plasma protein carries iron to the developing RBCs? | Transferrin |
| Excess iron aggregates in the cytoplasm as __. | ferritin |
| What unites with protoporphyrin 9 to make heme? | iron |
| Iron and protoporphyrin 9 combine in the presence of __ to create heme. | ferrochelatase |
| Excess accumulated iron the nucleated RBC (NRBC) results in a cell called a __. | sideroblast |
| A sideroblast is an anucleated RBC with excess __. | iron |
| The most common combo of chains that form hemoglobin A are __ and __. | two alpha, two beta |
| Hgb A2 contains 2 __ and 2 __ chains. | alpha, delta |
| Hgb F contains 2 __ and 2 __. | alpha, gamma |
| What 2 things combine to form hemoglobin? | heme and globin |
| What oxygen binding heme protein binds oxygen better than hgb? | myoglobin |
| If the oxygen dissociation curve shifts to the left, you need __ oxygen. | less oxygen |
| If the oxygen dissociation curve shifts to the left, alkalyne levels go __. | higher |
| If the oxygen dissociation curve shifts to the right, you need __ oxygen. | more |
| Normally a pO2 of __ mm is needed to saturate 50% of Hgb (P50). | 27 |
| An increase in PH level is generally __ (good or bad?) | good |
| What can cause an increase in PH levels? | blood transfusion, decreased body temp, Hgb F |
| A decrease in PH level is generally __ (good or bad?) | bad |
| What can cause a decrease in PH levels? | hypoxia, increase in body temp, pulmonary problems, several anemia |
| Hgb F results in an __ in oxygen saturation and affinity. | increase |
| Methemoglobin is incapable of combining with __. | oxygen |
| Sulfhgb can be __ and contains sulfur. | fatal |
| Cyanmethehemeglobin is used to quantify Hb by reading the color change of blood at __ nm and comparing it with a standard. | 540 |
| What does ADP stand for? | adenosine diphosphate |
| What does ATP stand for? | adenosine triphosphate |
| What comes off the Embden-Meyerhof pathway? | 2,3-DPG(BPG) |
| The Methemeglobin reductase pathway maintains __ in the ferrous (Fe 2+) state. | iron |
| The Rapoport pathway is __? | part of the glycolytic pathway of human erythrocytesan and an important regulator of the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. |
| Without __, you can't keep oxygen in RBCs. | Fe 2+ |
| If the __ __ shunt id deficient, Heinz bodies may result. | Hexose Monophosphate shunt |
| The Leubering-Rapaport shunt permits the accumulation of __. | 2,3-DPG |
| What is essential for maintaining oxygen tension? | 2,3-DPG |
| Anaerobic glycolysis begins with __, a glycolytic enzyme. | hexokinase |
| Anaerobic glycolysis ends with __. | Pyruvate kinase |
| The main physiological functions of the RBC membrane are to maintain cell shape __ for osmotic balance. | deformability |
| The RBC membrane acts as a supporting __ system for surface antigens. | skeletal |
| The peripheral proteins of the RBC membrane are __, __, __, __, and protein __. | spectrin, actin, GPD, ankyrin, protein 4 (SAGAP4) |
Created by:
IsaacJ
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