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AirCraft Structural
A and P Class
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Wrought Objects | Physically forming into a shape |
Cast Items | Pouring Molton metal into a mold |
3 type of metal working | Hot Working, Cold Working, Extruding |
Hot Working | Forming metal at elevated tempatures by Rolling or Forging |
Rolling metal | Forming metal with rollers to form |
Forging | Form shapes by pressing or hammering |
Cold Working | Performed well below metal critical tempature. Strains the metal, it increases it's strength and hardness. Ductility decreases. |
Extrusion | Process of forcing metal through an opening of a die. Metal takes shape through the die opening. |
Carbon Steel | Carbon is in steel that allows the steel to be heat treated to obtain varying degrees hardness, strength, and thoughness. |
Nickal Steel | Combination of Nickal and Carbon.Increase of hardness, tensile strength, and elastisity limit without decreasing ductility. |
Nickal is | A cheap ingrideant of stainless steel. |
Non-Ferrous Metal | Metals which have elements other than Iron as their base. |
Aluminum | Rank high in its resistance to corrosion |
Aluminum Alloys | Most widely used metals in modern aircraft construction. Vital because of its high strength-to-weight ratio and ease of fabrication. |
Alloy Designation | Wrought Alluminum and alloys are identified by 4 digit index system. |
Alloy designation II | 1st digit designation identifies major alloy elements used in the formation of the alloy. |
Non-heat-treatable alloys | Pure aluminum does not benefit from heat treatment since there are no Alloying materials in the structure. |
Hardness designation | Hardness or temper is indicated by a letter designation that is seperated from the alloy designation by a DASH |
Heat Treatment identification | Heat Treatable alloys have their hardness condition designation by the Letter T |
Alclad Aluminum | Light weight and high strength, Excellent corrosion resistance. |
Copper and its Alloys | Not used as structural material, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. |
Magnesium and its alloys | One of the lighest materials, sufficent working strength and suitable working characteristices for air craft struture. BAD - very difficult to extinguish. |
Heat treatment - Quenching Media, 3 types | Brine- most severe, water, oil - the least severe |
Tempering | Reduces hardness and britleness, relieves stress and improves steel ductibility and toughness. |
Annealing | softens metal and decreases internal stress |
Normaling | Removes interanl stress by heart treatment, wilding, casting, forming, or machining |
Case Harding | Produces a hard wear-resistant surface or case over a strong, though core. |
Nitriding | Accomplished with minumem distrotion becasue of the low tempature which parts are case hardened and because of zero quenching is required after exposure to the Ammonia gas. |
Carbonizing | Forms a thin layer of high carbon steel on the exterior of low carbon steel. |
Heat treatment of nonferrous metal 2 types | Solution and Precepitation heat treatment |
Strain Hardening | Both heat treatable and non-heat treatable aluminum alloys can be stregthened and hardened through strain harding. Cold working and Work hardening. |
Hardnes testing, 2 types | Brinell and Rockwell |