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Chapter 2 Net
Networking Standards and the OSI Model
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| __________Allows user access to the network examples:HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP, DNS, and Telnet (Remote Access). Devices: Hosts / PCs. | Application Layer |
| ________Defines format of the data examples:SSL, TLS. Graphics: TIFF, JPEG, GIF. Text: ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, Encrypted. Audio: MIDI, MPEG, WAV, MP3. Video: QUICKTIME, AVI. | Presentation Layer |
| ________Establishes, manages, maintains, and terminates network connections (sessions) between nodes example:NFS (Network File System),RPC (Remote Procedure Call), ASP (AppleTalk Session Protocol) | Session layer 5 |
| To ensure data integrity further, connection-oriented protocols such as TCP use a | checksum |
| Every network type specifies a default MTU ( maximum transmission unit ), (though its size can be modified to some extent by a network administrator). For example, by default, Ethernet networks cannot accept packets with data payloads larger than | 1500 bytes |
| The process of reconstructing the segmented data units is called | Reassembly |
| The process of assigning a placeholder to each piece of a data block to allow the receiving node's Transport layer to reassemble the data in the correct order. is called | Sequencing. For sequencing to work properly, the Transport layer protocols of two nodes must synchronize their timing and agree on a starting point for the transmission. |
| ____ provide Reliability, Error notification and correction and Flow control by dividing the whole data cloud into smaller data streams (“Segmentation”) Also reassembles at destination (“Reassembly”) | Transport layer |
| __________is the process of travels with data in the packet. example: IP, IXP | routed |
| ________used by routers to make best-path decisions (used to build the routing tBGPables) example: RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, | Routing |
| The _______Establishes and controls physical topology, creates frames, detects errors (but does not correct them), uses MAC Address | Data Link layer |
| Physical addresses (also known as MAC addresses) are | 48- or 64-bit unique identifiers assigned to each network interface. |
| ________Concerned with “signals and media”…the hardware and physical connection. example: Coax, Twisted-Pair, Fiber, Wireless | Physical layer |
| Connection-Oriented” (TCP) | Ensures that data arrives exactly as it was sent. Establishes connection before transmitting data |
| Connectionless” (UDP) (live audio or video transmissions over the Internet) | No effort to ensure data delivered error-free Does not establish connection before transmitting . Used in communications where “connections” ARE inherently established |
| Handshaking | communications that occur between opposite ends of a line (uses sequencing numbers and acknowledgements) SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK |
| ________amount of data that can be transmitted at one time before receiving an acknowledgment from the destination | Window size |
| __________structured package for moving data | Frame |
| _________physical layout of computers on a network Ring, Bus, Star, Mesh | Physical Topology |
| architecture of a network…(Frame Types) EX: Ethernet, Token Ring | Logical Topology |
| ___________Provides interface to Network layer protocols. Manages flow control. Issues requests for transmission for data that has suffered errors | Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer |
| _______Manages access to physical layer. Appends destination computer’s physical address onto data frame. | Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer |
| MAC addresses contain two parts: 1st six hexadecimal digits: Block ID (or Vendor ID | Device ID: unique character sequence based on NIC’s model and manufacture date |
| Please Do Not Throw , | Sausage Pizza Away |
| The process of wrapping one layer's PDU with protocol information so that it can be interpreted by a lower layer. is called . | encapsulate: For example, Data Link layer protocols encapsulate Network layer packets in frames |
| __________are documented agreements containing technical specifications or other precise criteria that stipulate how a particular product or service should be designed or performed | Standards |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
| EIA | Electronic Industries Alliance |
| TIA | Telecommunications Industry Association |
| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union |
| ISOC | Internet Society |
| IANA | Internet Assigned Numbers Authority |
| ICANN | Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers |
Created by:
fofo1986
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