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Government Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| House of Burgesses | The legislative assembly established in the 1640's in Virginia, now known as the General Assembly of Virginia |
| Parts of the Declaration of Independence | A description of the purpose of government, A list of grievances against the King of England, A definition of peoples' natural rights |
| From where does the power come from stated in the Declaration of Independence? | Stated that in a democracy power, comes from the people |
| Legislative Branch | Split into two houses, the house of representatives whose membership was based on population of a state, and the senate whose membership was based on two senators per state |
| Why did Federalist agree to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution? | To persuade the anti-federalists to accept the constitution |
| U.S. Constitution v. Articles of Confederation | Difference - it created a national government with three branches |
| Differences between the Anti-Federalists and the Federalists | They disagreed most strongly over the division of powers between the national and state governments. |
| A major reason why the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution | To protect individual liberties from abuse by the federal government |
| “Father of the Constitution” | James Madison |
| Checks and Balances | Stops other branches from becoming too powerful |
| First Amendment | Freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, right of the people peaceable to assemble, and petition the government for a redress of grievances |
| Where did the Anti-Federalists believe the power was given in the original draft of the Constitution? | National/federal Government |
| Federalists beliefs on the Constitution | Development on political factions would prevent one branch from gaining too much power, checks and balances would prevent branches from acquiring preponderant power, and a strong national government was necessary for commerce/trade/defense/relations |
| Some main areas for which the Constitution provided? | A system of checks and balances between equal branches of government, establishing federal law while giving states power to govern themselves, and placating the southern states by counting slaves as 3/5's of population in HOR |
| Election of 1800 | The first instance of political power being transferred peacefully from one political party to another |
| Veto | A power granted to the president in order to prevent passage of legislation |
| Judicial Review | The supreme court can declare a law unconstitutional because of the principle of the judicial review |
| What court case established Judicial Review | Marbury v. Madison |
| Central idea of democracy | The belief that government is derived from the people |
| According to the Declaration of Independence, from where should the government derive their legitimacy? | Consent of the governed (voting) |
| One goal of the American Revolution | Liberty/freedom |
| Know what the 14th, 15th, 19, and 21st amendments were all about. | 14th-Define national citizenship/ forbid states to restrict basic rights of people 15th-African American men the right to vote 19th-Granted women the right to vote 21st- Repealed 18th, amendment on prohibition |
| Political Machines | A party organization that recruits its members by using incentives such as money, jobs or favors. |
| Reapportionment of the Constitution | The constitution requires reapportionment every 10 years |
| The concept in the opening words of the Preamble | Express popular sovereignty |
| Procedures for a president to be removed from office | The house votes for impeachment and the senate conducts a trial and reaches a guilty verdict |
| Pocketbook Vote | In good economic times, the party holding the White House does well, whereas in a poor economy, the opposition party does better |
| What are the following course cases about?: Marbury v. Madison Roe v. Wade Plessy v. Ferguson McCullouch v Maryland | Marbury v. Madison: established judicial reviews Roe v. Wade: affirms legality of a woman right to have an abortion Plessy v. Ferguson: Upheld racial segregation laws/seperate but equal McCullouch v Maryland: impose taxes on the bank |
| Cloture Motion | Cuts off debate on a bill |
| Formal qualifications to run for President and/or Congress | President - at least 35, 14 years of residency in US, natural born citizen of US Congress - at least 30, 9 years of residency in US, resident of elected state |
| Due Process | a state may not take away a persons life ,liberty, or property |
| How many amendments are in the Constitution today? | 27 |
| What are the Bill of Rights? | first 10 amendments of constitution, guarantees of certain basic rights |
| Double Jeopardy | a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice |
| Refugees v. illegal aliens | refugee- flees to another country to escape danger or persecution illegal alien- a foreign national living without authorization in a country of which they are not a citizen |
| Biggest entitlement program | Social Security |
| Magna Carta | established a limited government |
| Progressive Tax v. Flat Tax | progressive tax- takes a higher % of income from upper income groups than from lower income groups flat tax- tax system with a marginal rate, usually applied to individual or corporate income tax |
| What do Article I, II, and III establish in the Constitution | I - (L)egislature II -(E)xecutive III - (J)udicial |
| What did the framers of the Constitution intend to establish? | A representative republic |
| Establishment Clause | prohibits congress from establishing a state religion |
| Federalism | the division of powers between the levels of government |
| Steps for an amendment to be adopted | 1. 2/3 of both houses of congress have to pass a proposed constitutional amendment. this sends the proposed amendment to the states for ratification 2. 3/4 of the states ratify the proposed amendment, by their legislatures or ratifying conventions |
| Articles of Confederation | no supreme court, each state had one vote in congress, 13 states had to agree to add an amendment |
| Civic Duty v. Jury Duty (2 questions) | civic duty - a person has an obligation to participate in government/civic affairs (voting) jury duty - if you are registered to vote, or have a driers liscence you may be called to be questioned or serve on a jury |
| Closed Party (primary) v. Open Party (primary) | closed primary - voters must declare that they are a registered member of the party in order to vote in that primary open primary- allows any registered votes to cast ballot in either primary |
| Who is responsible for forming the boundaries of the US congressional districts? | state legislatures |
Created by:
kelby.fisher
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