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AOC and Constitution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Articles of Confederation | first government of the United States of America |
| Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation | no executive branch, no judicial branch, no power to collect taxes, no power to enforce laws, no power to regulate trade, could not raise an army |
| Shay's Rebellion | protested the foreclosures of farms for debt and showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, when the central government couldn't put down the rebellion |
| Northwest Ordinance | provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory. |
| Preamble | first paragraph of the Constitution, introduces the Constitution, explains what it is meant to do, and describes the new government |
| Popular Sovereignty | government is controlled by the people |
| Limited Government | everybody has to follow the same laws, even members of the government |
| Checks and balances | each of the three branches of government has a little control, or check, on the other two branches. |
| separation of power | divides the power of the government into three branches |
| federalism | powers are shared by the national and state governments |
| Individual Rights | personal liberties and privileges that people are born with |
| Republicanism | people vote for people to represent their views in Congress |
| Virginia Plan | proposed a strong central government composed of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. Bicameral legislature.the number of votes each state received in Congress to be based on population rather than each state receiving one vote. |
| New Jersey Plan | offered the idea of a unicameral (one house) legislature in which all states would have an equal number of votes. |
| Great Compromise | agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. |
| 3/5th Compromise | The population of slaves would be counted as three-fifths in total when apportioning Representatives, as well as Presidential electors and taxes. |
| Amendment | change or addition to the Constitution |
| 1st Amendment | freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition |
| 2nd Amendment | right to bear arm |
| 3rd Amendment | no quartering of soldiers |
| 4th Amendment | freedom of unreasonable search and seizure |
| 5th Amendment | right to due process of law, freedom from self incrimination, double jeopardy |
| 6th Amendment | rights of accused, e.g. right to speedy and public trial |
| 7th Amendment | right of trail by jury in civil cases |
| 8th Amendment | freedom from excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishment |
| 9th Amendment | other rights of people |
| 10th Amendment | powers reserved to the states |
| Senate | the upper house of Congress. Representation is equal- 2 per state |
| House of Representatives | the lower house of Congress. Representation is based on state population. All revenue bills begin here. |
| Federalists | Supported the Constitution and a strong central government, leaders were Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay |
| Anti-Federalists | Opposed the Constitution and supported a weaker central government Wanted a Bill of Rights included, Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry |
| The Federalists Papers | a series of essays which supported the Federalists viewpoint (wanted the Constitution to pass) |
| Legislative Branch | passes the laws |
| Judicial Branch | interprets or evaluates the law |
| Executive Branch | enforces the law |
| Bill of Rights | first 10 Amendments of the Constitution |
| bicameral | two-houses |
Created by:
jblake74
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