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Nat to Sectionalism
U.S. History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nationalism | Pride and devotion to one's country |
| American System | proposed by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun to benefit all sections of nation to create economic independence for U.S. Think "PIN" |
| Protection | Part of American System that had protective tariffs for manufactures and an improved market for farmers |
| Internal Improvements | Part of American System that had roads, canals, and other transportation needs- better transportation for agricultural and industrial goods, with money raised by a protective tariff |
| National Bank | Part of American System that created a national currency and encouraged economic growth |
| Tariff of 1816 | designed to protect American manufacturers by placing high taxes on imports |
| McCulloch v. Maryland (1816) | involved an attempt by Maryland to tax Baltimore branch of the second Bank of the United States/established federal govt's authority over the states, so the states could not tax a federal institution |
| National Road | starting from Cumberland, MD in 1811 and ended in Wheeling, VA in 1818, then west to Vandalia, IL |
| steamboats | Robert Fulton perfected them, launching the Clermont which traveled Hudson River from NY City to Albany 150 mi. in 32 hrs. |
| turnpikes | roads that were barricaded in areas by poles until travelers paid a toll built by state-chartered private companies |
| Erie Canal (1825) | ran from Albany on Hudson R. to Buffalo on Lake Erie, making possible for barges to move a ton of cargo cheaper, faster, and further- made NY City greatest port in America & encouraged other states to build canals |
| railroads | faster than roads and passable in almost all weather, did not freeze in winter like canals and rivers, and not limited by topography |
| Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) | ruling established that anything crossing state boundaries came under federal control, providing federal gov’t with the broad powers that it exists today |
| Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817 | US and Britain agreed to remove all warships from Great Lakes except for a few small vessels to control smuggling |
| Convention of 1818 | specified where a.) US ships could fish in Canadian waters b.) set the northern boundary of Louisiana Purchase at 49th parallel from Minnesota to Rockies c.) joint occupation of Oregon territory for 10 years |
| Andrew Jackson | pursued Seminole force into FLA where he seized Spanish settlements at Pensacola and St. Marks |
| Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 | Spain ceded(gave up) FLA to US/US reimbursed US citizens who had claims against Spain/set western boundary of US Louisiana Purchase from Gulf of Mexico to Oregon territory then west to Pacific |
| Monroe Doctrine | Western Hemisphere no longer open for colonization/US would regard any interference in the Western hemispheric affairs as a threat to its security/US would refrain from participation in European wars and would not disturb existing colonies in the Western |
| Sectionalism | loyalty to one’s own region |
| American Colonization Society | Founded Liberia in Africa as a place to send freed slaves |
| “Cotton is King” | popular phrase in the South, showing how important cotton was to the South’s economy |
| cotton gin | made it more possible to clean seeds out of cotton faster- 50 pounds could be cleaned per day per person rather than 1 pound, greatly increasing cotton production |
| North's position on protective tariffs | They supported them b/c they protected their businesses |
| South's position on protective tariffs | Didn't like them b/c they made imported goods more expensive |
| North's position on internal improvements | Wanted them b/c protective tariffs paid for them |
| South's position on internal improvements | Didn't want them b/c south already had a good river system |
Created by:
ltrudeau
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