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Colonial America
Grade 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Large landowners | - lived in the Southern colonies - relied on indentured servants and slaves to produce their crops and keep their plantations/farms running - tended to hold a greater amount of power and wealth compared to others in their communities |
| Farmers | - Smaller family farms were found in all three regions - Some family farms were large enough to produce crops for sale - smaller farmers were self-sufficient - susceptible to adverse weather, armed conflict with Native Americans and governmental whims |
| Artisans | - people skilled in trades (blacksmiths, butchers, millers, gunsmiths, and printers) - New England and Mid-Atlantic colonies lived independently - Southern colonies, some were slaves and worked for their “owners,” or were leased out to work |
| Women | - Unable to vote - viewed as living in a separate sphere of home and family - Women from poorer families or enslaved women were typically expected to work (physically) as hard as any man, while still maintaining a home and family life. |
| Indentured servants | - people who came to the colonies without funds necessary for their voyages across the Atlantic. - In exchange for paying for these servants’ passage, larger farmers and landowners would receive a set term (indenture) of labor without payment. |
| Slaves | - people were enslaved in the Mid-Atlantic, New England and Southern colonies – no personal or economic freedoms, and treatment was typically quite cruel |
| American Indians | - The original inhabitants of all of colonial America were subjected to numerous failed treaties and attacks at the hands of the British settlers. - While a tiny minority continued to live in their traditional lands, most were pushed far west |
| New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut | What are the four New England colonies? |
| a market economy | What type of economy was found in the New England colonies? |
| fishing, shipbuilding, and working in a sawmills | What were some of the trades found in the New England colonies? |
| Puritans and Pilgrims | What religious groups were found in the New England colonies? |
| when people trade goods and services with each other, instead of using money | What is a barter system? |
| logging and shipbuilding | What were two major industries found in the New England colonies? |
| tobacco | What was the main cash crop in Maryland, Virginia, and northern North Carolina? |
| rice | What major cash crop in South Carolina is also called Carolina gold? |
| indigo | What cash crop in South Carolina was used in the clothmaking process? |
| Maryland, Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia | What are the five Southern colonies? |
| farming | What was the most important industry in the Southern colonies? |
| James Oglethorpe | Who founded the Georgia colony? |
| interdependence | What is it called when one depends on one another from economic resources? |
| The Breadbasket Colonies | What is a nickname for the Middle Colonies? |
| Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York | What are the four Middle Colonies? |
| wheat, corn, and rye | What were three crops grown in the Middle Colonies? |
| The Atlantic Ocean | What ocean borders the Middle Colonies? |
| Because they grew so many crops used in making bread | Why were the Middle Colonies called the "breadbasket colonies"? |
| Quakers, Lutherans, and Presbyterians | What religious groups were found in the Middle Colonies? |
Created by:
mochateacher
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