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Westward Expansion
Section 4
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Native Americans in Retreat | Native American life was coming to an end by the 19th century. |
Fort Laramie Treaty | Government asked NAs to live on limited pieces of land in return for money, tools and goods. NAs promised this land forever. |
Pikes Peak | Originally NA land, when gold was found settlers rushed in and took over the area. Some NAs fought the settlers, some NA signed a new treaty giving land to settlers. |
The Chivington Massacre | In rfesponse to NA attacks, Colonel John Chivington brought troops near the Cheyenne tribe. Cheyenne tribe waved the white flag in surrender but troops attacked anyway. |
End of the Buffalo | The 3 Ds - Disease, drought, destruction of habitat. Settlers killed buffalo for sport/entertainment. NAs continued to hunt for food because of tradition. |
Custer's Last Stand | When gold was found on the Lakota and Sioux reservation, settlers flooded the land. Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse and NAs fought back. General Custer and all his troops were killed. |
Nez Perce | NA tribe that lived in Snake River Valley. Signed a treaty to stay on land, gold was found and settlers invaded. |
Nex Perce Defeat | US government tried to move the tribe, the tribe tried to flee to Canada. After a journey of more than 1000 miles, the tribe surrendered to the American govt. |
Chief Joseph | Leader of the Nez Perce. Stated "I will fight no more, forever." Over half the tribe was killed (450 died out of 800). |
Battle of Little Big Horn | Custer attacked the Lakota and Sioux reservations. Custer was warned he did not have a chance of winning. |
The Apache Wars | Apache Indians resisted the loss of their land and fought back. |
Geronimo | Apache leader who fought the longest. 10 years. |
The Ghost Dance | NA prayed to the Great Spirit for a return to the times where they ruled; Had to swear off alcohol and violence to participate in the dances, chants and prayers. |
Settler Reaction to the Ghost Dance | Fear; government banned the ritual. |
Sitting Bull | Lakota Chief who was killed because the police thought he was behind the ghost dance. |
Massacre at Wounded Knee | Dec 29th as the NA were prepared to surrender, nervous troops opened up fire and killed nearly 300 NA |
Susette LaFlesche | Daughter of an Omaha Chief; spoke out against the destruction of the NA way of life. |
Helen Hunt Jackson | Published a Century of Dishonor. Described broken treaties between US government and NAs. |
The Dawes Act | Settlers had to live on and improved land for 25 years; settlers had to swear off tradition and customs; NAs not interested bc they did not believe in land ownership. |
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Mhoody
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