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Chapter 17 Vocab
terms for chapter 17
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tariff of 1842 | protective measure passed by Congressional Whigs, raising tariffs to pre-Compromise of 1833 rates |
| Caroline | carried supplies to the insurgents across the swift Niagara River |
| Creole | American ship captured by a group of rebellious Virginia slaves who sought asylum in Bahamas, raising fears among southern planters that British West Indies would become a safe haven for runaway slaves. |
| Aroostook War | series of clashes between American and Canadian lumberjacks in northern Maine & was resolved when a permanent boundary was agreed in 1842. |
| Manifest Destiny | belief by most citizens that believed that the Almighty God had manifestly destined the American people for a hemispheric career |
| Fifty-four forty or fight | slogan by 19th century expansionists who advocated the occupation of Oregon territory, jointly held by Britain & US. President Polk pledged to seize Oregon to 54, 40 degrees on 49th parallel to compromise with British |
| liberty party | antislavery party that ran candidates in 1840 and 1844 elections before merging with Free Soil Party, supporters sought abolition of slavery, but in short hoped to halt expansion of slavery into territories & abolish domestic slave trade. |
| Walker Tariff | revenue-enhancing measure that lowered tariffs from 1842 levels & in result was fueling trade & increasing treasury reciepts |
| spot resolutions | measures introduced by Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln, questioning Polk's justification for war with Mexico, Lincoln requested that Polk clarify precisely where Mexican forces had attacked U.S. troops |
| California bear flag republic | short-lived California republic, established by local American settlers that revolted against Mexico. Once the news spread to Americans, they left the republic to join the U.S. |
| Battle of Buena Vista | key American victory against Mexican-American War & elevated general Zachary Taylor to national prominence & helped secure his success in 1848 presidential election |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | treaty signed by Polk & forwarded to Washington that confirmed American title to TX and yielded enormous area stretching westward to Oregon and ocean & embracing coveted California |
| Conscience Whigs | Northern Whigs who opposed slavery on moral grounds, sought to prevent annexation of TX as slave state, fearing that new slave territory would only serve to buttress Southern "slave power" |
| Wilmot Proviso | ammendment that sought to prohibit slavery from territories aquired from Mexico, Introduced by David Wilmot, failed ammendment ratcheted up tensions between North & South over slavery issue |
| John Tyler | tenth President of the United States, elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with William Henry Harrison, and became president after his running mate's death in April 1841 |
| James K. Polk | 11th president of the US, considered the last strong pre–Civil War president,secured passage of the Walker tariff of 1846,helped annex texas, & threatened to go to war with brtian if they didn't give oregon to US. |
| Stephan W. Kearny | american general that led a detachment of seventeen hundred troops over the famous Santa Fe trail from Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe & captured mexican outposts |
| John C. Fremont | american military officer, explorer, and politician who became the first candidate of the anti-slavery republican party for the office of president. |
| Winfield Scott | american general who was a hero of war of 1812, nicknamed "Old fuss & feathers" because of his strict discipline, battled his way up in Mexico City in 1 of most brilliant campaigns in american military annals. |
| Nicholas P. Trist | chief clerk of state department (recommended by Winfield Scott) who arranged for armistice with Santa Anna at cost of $10,000 |
| David Wilmot | representative of pennsylvania who was fearful of southern slavocracy introduced Wilmot Proviso that stipulated that slavery should never exist in any territory to be wrested from mexico |
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