Conditions-CH.6 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| Paranoid schizophrenia | characterized by presence of hallucinations or delusions, w/o disorganized thoughts or behavior or socially inappropriate behavior; very suspicious of others; have grand schemes of persecution at the root of their behavior |
| Disorganized schizophrenia | (Hebephrenic) presents w/disorganized behavior, verbally incoherent & may have moods & emotions that aren’t appropriate; hallucinations usually aren’t present |
| Catatonic schizophrenia | (rarest) person is extremely withdrawn, negative & isolated, & has marked psychomotor disturbance (abnormal posture & movement), & minimal speech or echolalia |
| Residual schizophrenia | person is not currently suffering from delusions, or disorganized speech & behavior, but lacks motivation & interest in day-to-day living |
| Schizoaffective disorder | persons have symptoms of schizophrenia as well as mood disorders such as major depression, bipolar mania, or mixed mania |
| Undifferentiated schizophrenia | is given when the individual does not meet criteria for any of the other types while still meeting the general DX criteria for schizophrenia |
| Affect | observable facial expressions of a feeling or emotion; patients may be described as having a flat or blunt affect |
| Affective flattening | a blank, blunted facial expression or less lively facial movements, flat voice, or physical movements |
| Alogia | impoverished speech; difficulty or inability to speak |
| Anhedonia | loss of pleasure in previously enjoyed activities |
| Antipsychotic medication | meds designed to reduce the positive & negative symptoms |
| Associality | decreased interest in socialization & maintenance of relationships |
| Avolition | decreased motivation; reduction, difficulty, or inability to initiate & persist in goal-directed behavior |
| Catatonic behavior | loss of responsiveness to environmental clues; may become rigid or have bizarre postures, resist attempts to reposition; excessive, non-purposeful motor activity may be observed |
| Cogwheel rigidity | stiff movement in one direction in small evenly placed segments; the tension in the muscle gives way in little jerks when the muscle is passively stretched |
| Cognitive symptoms | (cognitive deficit) problems with attention, certain types of memory, & the executive functions that allow us to plan & organize; can be difficult to recognize, but are most disabling in terms of leading a normal life |
| Delusions | atypical & well-organized beliefs not explained by evidence or culture; fixed beliefs that are typically due to misinterpretation of an event/experience; delusions are categorized as bizarre or nonbizarre |
| Bizarre delusions | characterized by beliefs of events that are clearly impossible; ex. A belief that you were impregnated by aliens while you slept |
| Nonbizarre delusions | example: the belief that all coworkers are talking about the person; individual may interpret that all private conversations observed at work to be about oneself |
| Delusions of grandeur | self-inflated views present in conversation |
| Disorganized behavior | unpredictable, socially inappropriate behaviors that interfere with daily activities; example: agitated or angry outburst; sexually acting out in public (masturbation); difficulties in performing goal-directed tasks such as meal prep or grooming |
| Disorganized thinking | person has difficulty organizing thoughts or connecting them logically; speech may be garbled or hard to understand; "thought blocking"; may make up words |
| Dysphoria | depressed mood; can be present during or following a psychotic episode & may require intervention |
| Extrapyramidal syndrome | abnormal movements similar to Parkinson’s caused by antipsychotic meds (by blocking dopamine receptors) |
| Five types of delusions | persecutory, referential, somatic, religious, & grandiose |
| Fixed ideas | an individual holds an unchangeable idea |
| Flight of ideas | accelerated speech with rapid changes in subject; associations are understandable unlike the lack of connections that are associated with looseness of associations |
| Genotype | genetic make-up of humans/ animals |
| Hallucinations | the experience of particular sensations that re not real to others & that are experienced while awake; usually auditory or visual, but can sometimes include other senses |
| Ideas of reference | individuals believe that others are talking about or referring to them |
| Negative symptoms | (refers to reductions in normal emotional & behavioral states) include flattened affect, alogia, avolition, anhedonia, & associality, low energy, lack of emotion |
| Neurotransmitters | chemical transmitters, such as dopamine & glutamate, secreted by neurons that bind receptors on nearby cells |
| Paranoia | persecutory delusions; |
| Persecutory (paranoid) delusions | the most common of all delusions; one believes himself to be victimized, ridiculed, or place under surveillance by known/unknown persons; paranoia is a type of persecutory delusions |
| Referential delusions (delusions of reference) | fairly common; one believes that common cues from the environment hold special meaning or message for them; ex. Person thinks a newspaper story is specifically targeted to the individual |
| Somatic delusions | marked by beliefs that involve the person’s body; ex. Person believes that they are pregnant despite evidence to the contrary |
| Religious delusions | person may believe that they are Jesus or acting out direct orders from God |
| Grandiose delusions | examples include believing that one is all-powerful or important; acting on secret orders from the president of the US; believing that they are a genius, etc. |
| Phenotype | observable physical characteristics |
| Positive symptoms | delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thoughts, & disorders of movement; delusions are the most common type of _____ observed in people with schizophrenia; could be continuous or intermittently, but rarely abate completely |
| Premorbid functioning | the period from birth to the prodromal phase |
| Prodromal phase | phase can range from weeks or months to years before full onset of symptoms |
| Psychosis | the presence of delusions or hallucinations w/out insight; inability to distinguish fantasy from reality |
| Relapse | return of symptoms |
| Tangential thinking | rapid shifting from one thought to a closely related thought |
| Tardive dyskinesia | motor abnormalities such as writhing movements caused by antipsychotics meds (by blocking dopamine receptors) |
| disorganized speech | (frequent derailment or incoherence) "word salads"; ongoing disjointed or rambling monologues in which a person seems to be talking to himself or imagined people or voices |
Created by:
sheaton
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