Respiratorydisorder Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
parts of respiratory system | nasal cavity, nasopharyncx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli-terminal unit, repsiration, gas exchanges |
upper respiratory | nasal passage, paranasal sinus, pharynx, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx-warms, addds moisture and cleans air |
lowr respiatory | trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli |
inspiration- | Actibe muscles contract-primary muscles-diaphragm, intercostals, accessory muscles-abdominals, SCM, scalenes, seratus, pec major, upper trap, air tracels from high pressure to lower pressure |
expiration | passively, elastic recoil of ribcage, lungs/alveolar pressure exceeds atmosphere pressure-air travels from high pressure(alveolar) to lower pressure(atmosphere) |
respiration: | o2 co2 exchange-o2 partial pressure-high atmosphere/alveoli) to lower (capillaries), co2 partial pressure-high(capillaries) to lower (atmosphere/alveoli) |
boyles Law | relationship b/w colume and pressure is constant, increase volume decrease pressure |
regulation of breathing | medulla oblongata, baroreceptors, stretch receptors, neural control |
Medulla Oblongata | sensitivie to CO2 and pH, decrease pH and increase CO2, resutl from normal cellular metabolism, increase ventilation to remove by-products |
Baroreceptors | sensitvie to pressure, detect changes in BP, increase ventilation to maintaint blood O2 concentration |
Stretch Receptors | located in intercostal muscles, cuase inspirtation to stop, expiration to begin |
neural control | phernic nerve(c3, c4,c5)-innervates diaphram and intercoastal muscles |
Exercise and Breathing | lungs more blood, muscles use more o2, partial o2 \/ in pulmonary vessel-more O2 inhaled air diffuse inalveolar capillaries &made avaliable to the body, acid &Co2 produced by vigorous ex, /\ventilation, +of accessory muscles, need demand for o2 ventilatin |
Tachypnea | rapid breathing, 24+ breaths |
Hyperpnea | tachypnea w/ large deep breaths |
bradypnea | slower breathing<12 breaths |
hypopnea | shallow breathing |
dyspnea | SOB, difficulty breathing |
Hyperventilation | decrease partial pressure CO2, increased pH |
orthopnea/paroxymal nocturnal dyspnea | SOB while supine |
Dry, nonproductive cough | allergies |
producing clear sputum | upper respirtory |
purulent(thick) sputum w/ pus, opaque color | lower respiratory |
hemoptysis | sputum w/ blood call 911!! |
observation/inspection | obcious deformities, cyanosis, asymetry of meovement, pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum, scoliosis, displaced rib fracture |
prectus excavatum | hallow chest |
pectus carinatum | pigeon breasted |
palpation | posterior chest wall(t9, t10)-crepitus "99" test for tactile fremits and looks for edema rib compression test(ant/post, lateral) |
99 test | ulnar surface of hand, athlete speaks 99, compare bilateral-intesity not importent symmetry is, decrease fremitus-move distal, over bone(scapula), obstruction-pleural effusion, pneumothorax, emphysema |
tactile fremitius | papable vibration from larynx through bronchi/longs into chest |
percusion | identify tissues as fluidfilled, airfilled, solid-technique-3 finger volar surface placed on area 2 b performed, 3 finger opp hand applies percussion, quick tapmotion-tip not pad, increase volume-press more firmly, follow #- take 2x @site, alt bilaterally |
Auscultation | same location pattern as percussion, use diaphragm of stethoscope, ath takes deep breaths w/ mouth open, evaluate lungs |
Evaluating lungs | -for 1 full inspiration and expiration, anterior:upper lobes, middle lobe and side Posterior:lower lobes Lateral:middle lobe*side |
Breath sounds | bronchial, bronchoesibular, vesicular advententious |
Bronchial | air through large airway, pitch loud, high pitched, when:expiratioin, where:over trachea, anterior chest, midline |
Bronchovesicular | air through medium airways, pitch:medium, moderate intensity, When:inspration and experation, where:anterior, posterior-venter of thorax |
Vesicular | air through smaller airways, Pich:soft, low pitch, When:inspiration, where:periphery of lung over alveoli |
advententious breath souns | breath sounds that are not normal or bad, rales, weezes, strido, pleural rub |
Rales | crackes-pops or cracks during inspiration, obstruction caused by fluid in smaller airways, example hair rubbed between fingers, or velcro |
Wheezes | continuous rumbling sounds during expiration, pitch-high(asthma) small airways, lower(bronchitis) larger airways-rhonchi, obstruction caused by spasm or mucus |
Stridor | CALL 911, harsh raspy sound during inspiration, obstruction suddent, nearly complete, croup-stridor with cough |
pleural rub | "friction rub"-low pitch creaking, clicking at end of inspiration, no obstruction-friction between visceral and partietal pleura, example to ballowns rubbing together bending leather |
Created by:
jwebst1
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