Drug of Abuse Tests Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
EtOH: Always assume: | other drugs may be involved |
Blood EtOH usu measured on: | whole blood (serum levels 12% higher than whole blood) |
EtOH PK | clearance by zero-order kinetics (constant rate); half life: 18 mg/dL/hr |
EtOh detection window | blood: 1.5-12 hr (urine an extra 1-2 hrs); urine assays less reliable |
EtOH correlation: Partition Ratio: | Breath is 1; Urine is 1.3; Blood is 2100 (avg. range 1300:1 to 3100:1) |
EtOH test methods | Alcohol dehydrogenase: all alcohols (quant); GLC: quant & qualitative |
Chronic alcohol use: labs | macrocytosis; anemia (later); high AST, ALT, GGT, CDT |
Substance abuse testing: | no universal requirement for informed consent; pt safety & tx comes first |
DHHS guidelines for testing drugs: | Amphetamines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates & PCP; workplace cut-off levels may not be appropriate for clinical setting |
Urine drug test methods | Immunoassay; GC-MS (HPLC) |
Drug test: Immunoassay | fast; large-scale screening; false pos & req confirm by HPLC |
Drug test: HPLC | accurate; time consuming; expensive |
Opiates | Natl: heroin & hydrocodone; synthetic: meperidine & methadone (less detectable) |
Horse tranquilizer: | PCP |
Serum drug screen | for OD/EtOH; 1 mL min, green top tube; tests: Acetaminophen; Salicylate; Tricyclics; Ethanol |
Drug with longest detection time: | Benzo or THC |
Drugs with lowest/highest detection thresholds: | Lowest: THC; highest: amphetamine |
Blood EtOH usually measured on: | whole blood (serum levels 12% higher than whole blood) |
Chronic alcohol use: labs | macrocytosis; anemia (later); high AST, ALT, GGT, CDT |
Urine drug test methods | Immunoassay; GC-MS (HPLC) |
Drug test: Immunoassay | fast; large-scale screening; false pos & req confirm by HPLC |
Drug test: HPLC | accurate; time consuming; expensive |
Opiates | Natl: heroin & hydrocodone; synthetic: meperidine & methadone (less detectable) |
Drug with longest detection time: | Benzo or THC |
Drugs with lowest/highest detection thresholds: | Lowest: THC; highest: amphetamine |
Created by:
Abarnard
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