Muskl & Nerve Trauma Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
A physical injury or wound, produced by internal or external force | Trauma |
Results from force or mechanical energy that changes state of rest or uniform motion of matter | Mechanical Injury |
External force acting on the body causing internal rxns within the tissue | Load |
Ability of a tissue to resist a load | Stiffness |
Internal resistance to a load | Stress |
Internal change in tissue (i.e. length) resulting in deformation | Strain |
On the Stress-Strain Curve, the phase where plastic changes occur before mechanical injury (time dependent) | Creep |
Point at which elasticity is almost exceeded | Yield Point |
Permanent changes that result if deformation persists | Plastic Changes |
When the yield point is far exceeded resulting in damage | Mechanical failure |
Force that pulls and stretches tissue | Tension |
Force that moves across the parallel organization of tissue | Shearing |
Type of force where two force pairs act at opposite ends of a structure (can occur with three forces as well) | Bending |
Loads caused by twisting in opposite directions from opposite ends | Torsion |
An injury that has initiated the injury process | Acute |
An injury that does not properly heal | Chronic |
Mechanism of injury that can be caused by a direct blow | Traumatic |
Mechanism of injury that can be caused by dynamic use over time | Overuse |
Some fibers stretched/torn, tenderness & painful AROM, full range present | Grade I muscle/tendon strain |
Number of fibers torn, painful active contraction, palpable divot, some swelling/discoloration | Grade II muscle/tendon strain |
Complete rupture of muscle/musculotendinous junction, significant impairment, great deal of pain (diminishes due to nerve damage) | Grade III muscle/tendon strain |
Painful involuntary skeletal muscle contraction caused by overload and high demand fatigue | Muscle cramps |
Involuntary muscle contraction in response to pain following injury (muscles splint the area) | Muscle Guarding |
A reflex reaction caused by trauma | Muscle Spasms |
Alternating involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations in quick sucession | Clonic Muscle Spasm |
Rigid contraction that lasts a period of time | Tonic Muscle Spasm |
Muscle pain experienced immediately after exercise, accompanies fatigue | Acute-onset muscle soreness |
Pain occurs 24-48 hrs following activity (potentially caused by microtrauma to muscle/connective tissue) | Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) |
Gradual, repeated microtrauma causing tenderness, inflammation, and pain to tendon | Tendonitis |
Sticking of tendon due to inflammatory by-products | Crepitus |
Degenerative tendinitis resulting in swelling, stiffness, and restricted motion | Tendinosis |
An âumbrellaâ term that does not imply a particular tendon pathology | Tendinopathy |
Inflammation of synovial sheath | Tenosynovitis |
Discrete and hypersensitive nodule within a tight band of muscle or fascia. Develops from mechanical stress. | Myofascial Trigger Point |
Nodule that does not cause spontaneous pain, may become aware when pressure applied. May restrict movement or cause muscle weakness. | Latent Trigger Point |
Nodule that causes pain at rest, tender to palpation with referred pain (âjump signâ). Commonly found in postural muscles | Active Trigger Point |
Result of sudden blow to the body, can be superficial and deep (i.e. bruise) | Contusion |
Results from blood and lymph flows into surrounding tissue, encapsulated by connective tissue | Hematoma |
Chronically inflamed and contused tissue resulting in generation of calcium deposits | Myositis Ossificans |
Wasting away of muscle due to immobilization, inactivity, or loss of nerve function | Atrophy |
Abnormal shortening of muscle, resistance to passive stretch | Contracture |
Mild to moderate pain, minimal loss of function, no abnormal motion, and mild point tenderness | Grade I ligament sprain |
Moderate to severe pain, moderate loss of function, swelling, and instability with tearing and separation of fibers | Grade II ligament sprain |
Extremely painful, loss of function, severe instability and swelling. May represent subluxation. Surgical repair needed | Grade III ligament sprain |
Occurs when at least one bone in a joint is forced out of alignment and must be reduced | Dislocation |
Wearing of hyaline cartilage leads to changes in joint mechanics resulting in joint degeneration. | Osteoarthritis |
Irritation of fluid-filled sacs (bursa) causing swelling, pain, and loss of function (can be acute or chronic) | Bursitis |
Result of repeated joint trauma (joint capsule) | Capsulitis |
Develops following mistreatment of joint injury. Motion may be restricted and joint noises may develop. (Can be acute or chronic) | Synovitis |
The skull, ribs, and scapulae are what type of bone? | Flat bones |
The vertebrae and skull are what type of bone? | Irregular bones |
The wrist and ankle are what type of bone? | Short bones |
The humerus, ulna, tibia, radius, fibula, and femur are what type of bone? (Most commonly injured) | Long bones |
The hollow and cylindrical shaft of a bone, covered by compact bone. Medullary cavity contains yellow marrow lined by endosteum | Diaphysis |
Composed of cancellous bone covered by hyaline cartilage. Area for muscle attachment | Epiphysis |
Dense, white fibrous covering that penetrates bone via Sharpeyâs fibers. Contains blood vessels and osteoblasts | Periosteum |
Deformity, pain, point tenderness, swelling, and painful active & passive movements (as it relates to bones). X-ray necessary for definitive diagnosis | Bone fracture |
Type of bone fracture where there is little movement or displacement | Closed fracture |
Type of bone fracture that involves displacement of fractured ends breaking through the surrounding tissue (i.e. skin) | Open fracture |
Type of bone fracture that results in focal tenderness and pain (early on) and pain with activity (later on). Becomes constant and more intense particularly at night. (Shows up on x-ray once healing has begun) | Stress fracture |
Injury to the growth plate in adolescents usually aged 10-16 years old (Salter-Harris Classification) | Epiphyseal Injuries |
Injury to the traction epiphyses (sites for origin and insertion of muscles). I.e. Severs disease and Osgood-Schlatter disease | Apophyseal injury |
Degenerative changes to epiphyses of bone during rapid child growth (3 possible causes) | Osteochonndrosis |
Inflammatory condition of bone and overlying articular cartilage that affects the joints of both immature and mature skeletons | Osteochondritis dissecans |
Interruption in nerve fiber conduction caused by compression or blunt trauma. Impacts motor function | Neuropraxia |
Created by:
natamccl
Popular Sports Medicine sets