Eicosanoids Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answer |
| What are the 3 main type of eicosanoids? | Prostaglandins, thromboxins, leukotrienes |
| What is meant by autocrine factor? | it releases hormones that affect itself |
| What is meant by paracranine factor? | it releases hormones that affects nearby cells |
| What are the 3 main functions of eicosanoids? | Inflammatory response, smooth muscle contraction |
| Eicosanoids affect smooth muscle contraction in what organs? | intestine, bronchioles, blood vessels, pregnant uterus |
| What is the most common precursor of Eicosanoids? | Arachidonate |
| What is a PUFA? | poly unsaturated fatty acid |
| What are the main dietary PUFAs? | linoleate or alpha-linoleate |
| What enzyme initiates eicosanoid production? | phospholipase A2 |
| What is the primary FA released by PLA2? | arachidonic acid |
| What pathway from arachidonic acid produce prostaglandins and thromboxins? | cycloxygenase (COX) |
| What structural features are essential for biological activity in a prostaglandin? | trans-C13 and hydroxy-C15 |
| What molecules lead from PL to thromboxin or prostaglandins? | Arachidonate, PGG2/PGH2 |
| What is the role of TXA2? | platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, lymphocyte proliferation, bronchoconstriction |
| What is the role of PGI2? | vasodilation, inhibit platelet aggregation |
| What cyclo-oxygenase is more specific for inflammation and pain? | COX-2 |
| What inhibits COX-1? | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| What drug irreversibly inhibits COX? | aspirin; acetylsalicylate |
| What are effects of COX-1 inhibition toxicity? | gastric dysfunction and renal dysfunction |
| What is the role of PGA2? | inhibits acid secretion in intestinal cells |
| What is the role of PGE2? | regulates water and Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys, vasodilation, inhibit IL-1 and IL-2 (inflammation) |
| What reaction do steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit? | PLA2: phospholipase A2 |
| What is the major inhibitory reaction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs? | COX enzymes |
| Arachidonic acid released by PLA2 is eicosanoid by what 3 different ways? | COX, lipoxygenase, cytochrome P450 |
| Draw PGA, PGD, PGE, PGF-alpha, PGG/PGH, PGI | see slide 16 |
| Functions of PGI2 | vasodilation (inc. cAMP) |
| Functions of PGD2 | vasodilation, IL-1 and IL-2 (inflammation)inhibitors, attractant for eosinophils (asthma) |
| Functions of PGF2 | vasoconstriction, bronchoconstriction, smooth muscle contraction |
| How do omega-3 fatty acids work? | form TXA3 instead of TXA2, significantly less active platelet aggregator |
| What 2 things are required to inactivate prostaglandins? | oxidation of 15-OH |
| The lipoxygenase pathway occurs in mainly what kind of cell type? | leukocytes |
| What is LOX? | lipoxygenase enzymes |
| What form of HPETE is the main precursor for most leukotrienes? | 5-HPETE |
| 5-HPETE is converted into what in the leukotriene pathway? via what enzyme? | Leukotriene A4 via LTA4 synthase |
| Hydrolysis of LTA4 yields what product? | LTB4 |
| What are the functions of LTB4? | chemotactic agents for eosinophils and neutrophils, inflammatory response, vascular permeability (edema), increase IL-1 IL-2 |
| What is added to LTA4 to get LTC4? | addition of GSH (glutathione) |
| What happens from LTC4, to LTD4, to LTE4? | cleavage of gamma-glutamate and glycine |
| What are the functions of LTC4 and LTD4? | increase bronchoconstriction, vascular permeability, anaphylaxis |
| What is SRS-A? What molecules make it up? | Slow-Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis |
| What is LXA4? How is it formed? | lipoxin A4, arachidonic acid, 15-lipoxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, reduction |
| What are the actions of lipoxins? | potent inhibitors of acute inflammation |
| What does the cytochrome P450 pathway produce from arachidonate? | epoxides, 5,6-EET, 5,6-diHETE |
| What is 5,6-EET? | endogenous pulmonary vasodilator |
Created by:
jlellerm
Popular Biochemistry sets