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AP Psych Ch 18 Vocab Test

Enter the letter for the matching Definition
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1.
Social Exchange Theory
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2.
Chameleon Effect
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3.
Diffusion of Responsibility
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4.
Social-Responsibility Norm
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5.
Stanley Milgram
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6.
Blaming the Victim Effect
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7.
Group Polarization
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8.
Normative Social Influence
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9.
Solomon Asch
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10.
Prejudice
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11.
Conflict
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12.
Social Traps
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13.
Reciprocity Norm
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14.
Cognitive Dissonance
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15.
Fundamental Attribution Error
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16.
Dispositional Attribution Versus Situational Attribution
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17.
Groupthink
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18.
Confirmation Bias
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19.
Geographic Nearness
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20.
Conformity
A.
the enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.
B.
line experiment. Participants agreed with the group even when they saw the answer was blatenly incorrect.
C.
girl got raped, blame that she was wearing a mini skirt and walking on the wrong side of town.
D.
an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
E.
a tendency for people to favor information that confirms their preconceptions or hypotheses regardless of whether the information is true.
F.
when observing others, overestimating influence of a personality and underestimating influence of situations.
G.
adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
H.
an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
I.
Similarity, Proximity, Familiarity
J.
influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.
K.
an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.
L.
the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
M.
the explanation of individual behavior as a result caused by internal characteristics that reside within the individual, as opposed to outside (situational) influences that stem from the environment or culture in which that individual is found.
N.
a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior.
O.
a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.
P.
nonconscious mimicry of the postures, mannerisms, facial expressions, and other behaviors of one's interaction partners, such that one's behavior passively and unintentionally changes to match that of others in one's current social environment.
Q.
theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent. Ex. When our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing out attitudes.
R.
measured the willingness of study participants to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts that conflicted with their personal conscience.
S.
social phenomenon which tends to occur in groups of people above a certain critical size when responsibility is not explicitly assigned.
T.
an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. Prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predispositions to discriminatory action.
Type the Term that corresponds to the displayed Definition.
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21.
actors tend to attribute the causes of their behavior to stimuli inherent in the situation, while observers tend to attribute behavior to stable dispositions of the actor
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22.
an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
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23.
form of social influence, which takes place when a majority is being influenced to accept the beliefs or behaviour of a minority.
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24.
initiatives in tension-reduction-a strategy designed to decrease international tensions.
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25.
unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
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26.
superordinate goals (goals so large that it requires more than one group to achieve the goal) reduced conflict significantly more effectively than other strategies (e.g., communication, contact).
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27.
people attribute their successes to internal or personal factors but attribute their failures to situational factors beyond their control.
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28.
the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.
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29.
unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members.
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30.
twenty-four students were selected to play in a mock prison in the basement of Stanford. Participants adapted to their roles well beyond what was expected, leading the officers to display authority and to subject some of the prisoners to torture

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