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Bio 225 final exam Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
Why is protein structure important?
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2.
What are the function of Nucleic Acids?
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3.
What is a mesophile?
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4.
What causes Ohio Valley Fever?
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5.
Where do many worm pathogens develop?
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6.
With respect to energy production why is fermentation less favorable than aerobic respiration?
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7.
What is the difference between a true pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen?
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8.
For which microorganisms is selective toxicity easist to acheive?
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9.
What kinds of diseases does strep cause?
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10.
What is a molecule? A compound?
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11.
What is a reservoir?
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12.
What are cytotoxic T cells?
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13.
Why is moist heat more effective than dry heat?
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14.
What is specific immunity?
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15.
What is transcription?
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16.
What is an antibody?
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17.
Why is mRNA important?
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18.
What kinds of diseases does Neisseria cause?
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19.
What is the difference between a ionic bond and a covalent bond?
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20.
What happens in the synthesis phase of a viral infection?
A.
large protein molecule evoded in response to a specific antigen that interacts with that specific antigen
B.
localized- impetigo, erysipelas, pharyngitis, tonsillitis systemic- scarlet fever, septicemia, pneumonia, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome Rheumatic fever( joint pain, heart damage), acute glomerulonephritis
C.
enter the mouth, move to intestines, develop and spread to other organs or they may burrow directly into the skin
D.
making RNA from DNA
E.
histoplasma capsulatum- fungi
F.
bacteria
G.
gonorrhea and meningitis
H.
primary residence in which a pathogen originates
I.
CD8 receptors- attacks and kills specific target cells by secreting perforins and granzymes- punch holes in target cell and digests the proteins- kill virally infected cells, cancer cells, foreign animal and human cells
J.
Ionic bond- the transfer of electrons Covalent bond- sharing of electrons
K.
making new proteins and nucleic acids- freed viral nucleic acids use the host cell's synthetic and metabolic machinery- all the protein necessary to make capsid, spikes, viral enzymes made, new nucleic acids will be made
L.
Nucleotides- heredity material and organization of protein synthesis
M.
structure equals function
N.
optimum temp 20 degrees to 40 degrees
O.
must be acquired and provides specific resistance to infection from a specific species
P.
true pathogens are able to cause disease in a healthy individual, opportunistic disease only affects immunocompromised individuals
Q.
carries the message- transcribed version of the gene- carries codons
R.
can acheive cell death at lower temps than dry heat- causes denaturation of proteins
S.
glycolysis is the only step used to give rise to ATP- only 2 ATP produced
T.
Molecules- 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds Compounds- molecules consisting of 2 or more different atoms or different elements
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21.
Which form of fungi is most invasive?
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22.
What is genotype?
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23.
What type of replication does DNA undergo?
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24.
gram negative non-spore forming rods usually found in the intestines of animals, but also in soil, decaying matter, and water
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25.
the use of DNA, genes, or genetically altered organisms in commercial production- learning about genomes, not changing genetic engineering- is the direct and deliberate modification of an organism's genome
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26.
making proteins from RNA
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27.
the metabolic products of aerobic bacteria and fungi- their production allows producing bacteria to enjoy less competition
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28.
organic molecules if needed in diet called vitamins, help in altering the substrate (removing chemical group from one substrate and adding it to another)
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29.
ingesting and eliminating materials- survey tissue and identify microbes, particulate matter, and injured cells- ingest and eliminate these materials- extract immunogenic info from the foreign matter
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30.
using chemicals in therapy

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