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CHF Pathophysiology Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answers
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1.
What happens once all of the compensatory mechanisms of the heart have failed?
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2.
Definition of Congestive Heart Failure
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3.
Describe pitting edema.
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4.
How does anemia cause chronic CHF?
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5.
Most common cause of Rt. Ventricular Heart Failure is? Why?
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6.
Peripheral congestion will occur in the venous circulation and plasma will be pushed out of the veins into to surrounding tissues leading to what condition?
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7.
When you hear S3 and S4 heart sounds, what does it indicate?
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8.
Sudden onset of symptoms, usually following an acute onset ot a new illness- symptoms may appear over several hours.
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9.
What are compensatory mechanisms?
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10.
Increased contractility improves ventricular emptying during systole, thereby increasing what?
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11.
Name some of the compensatory mechanisms the heart uses to maintain cardiac output.
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12.
Names some of the clinical manefestations of LV heart failure.
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13.
Excess blood from the right ventricle will eventually go where instead of into the lungs?
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14.
The stroke volume x the heart rate
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15.
Dyspnea in a person with CHF is an indicative of?
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16.
What is left ventricular heart failure?
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17.
What is the third and final compensatory mechanism the heart tries to use to maintain cardiac output?
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18.
A person with CHF, what causes the crackles in the lungs?
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19.
Observing a client with severe CHF, you noticed client experiencing alternating periods of apnea and hyperpnea, what is this called?
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20.
What occurs when there is a decreased function in afterload?
A.
Cardiac output.
B.
Acute CHF
C.
poor oxygenation.
D.
Ventricular Hypertrophy
E.
Peripheral edema.
F.
Most common heart failure. When the left ventricular cardiac output is less than volume received from the pulmonary circulation.
G.
Cheyne stokes respirations.
H.
The client will show symptoms of CHF.
I.
It impairs the ventricular emptying which will decrease stroke volume and cardiac output
J.
left sided heart failure.-leads to increased workload of the Rt. ventricle to pump blood into an already congested lungs.
K.
The sounds reflect the resistance of ventricular filling. the walls of the ventricle actually vibrate during filling.
L.
Stroke Volume.
M.
Leaves an indentation in the edematous are when pushed on by the examiners fingers.
N.
Blood will back up into the right atria, then into superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.
O.
A state in which the heart is no longer able to pump sufficient blood to meet all of the metabolic needs of the body system.
P.
Plasma leaks out of engorged pulmonary vessels into the small airways and interstitial spaces in lungs.
Q.
Mechanisms the heart uses to maintain cardiac output (in response to decreased cardiac output).
R.
Fatigue, dry cough, dyspnea, crackles (rales), orthopnea, PND, cheyne stokes resp. anxiety, nocturia, oliguria, htn.
S.
Due to acute hypoxia of cardiac tissue.
T.
Tachycardia, ventricular dilation, ventricular hypertrophy.
Type the Answers that corresponds to the displayed Questions.
incorrect
21.
Symptom of CHF due to hypoxia, decreased cardiac output and poor waste removal.
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22.
Very slow and insidious onset of symptoms, which may follow a new onset of an illness-symptoms may take years to become apparent.
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23.
Client with RvCHF has signs of swelling to the LE, symmetrically, with pitting edema is a sign of?
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24.
The amount of blood that is available to fill the ventricles before contraction.
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25.
The ability of the cardiac fibers to stretch and snap back appropriately.
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26.
The ability of the heart muscle to contract.
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27.
Hypertension is due to what in the heart?
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28.
In which patients are you more likely to see cor pulmonale?
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29.
The amount of blood that is ejected with each ventricular contraction.
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30.
A patient with CHF is unable to lay flat with comfortable breathing and assumes a sitting position leaning forward. This is an advanced finding called?

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