Rhetoric Examn Final
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| Year of Gorgias | 414 BCE
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| Kairos: | a profound moment of opportunity
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| Summarize Dissoi Logoi | Cultural relativism
The normal to you is not normal to else; the weird to you may be normal to else.
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| Nomos: | communities that live within a city
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| Year of Plato | 370 BCE
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| Plato's Phaedrus summarized: | rhetoric is equivalent to love: bad rhetoric is like lust; good rhetoric seeks to make rhetor a better person; influencing the soul through words in all kinds of speaking
USED ANALOGY OF TWO HORSES LEADING A VEHICLE.
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| Kairos: | cataloging the kinds of human souls to adpt Plato's discourse to auditors
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| Year of Isocrates | 390 BCE
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| Kairos: | timing
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| Summarize the Against the Sophists | rhetoric is art; sophists do not teach rhetoric as art.
rhetoric is a mode of scholarship that separates man from beast.
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| Year of Aristotle | 335 BCE
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| Summarize Aristotle's On Rhetoric: | rhetoric is the faculty of observing the available means of persuasion
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| Aristotle's modes of persuasion: | ethos - character
pathos - emotion
logos - truth
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| Aristotle's four reasons of rhetoric | 1. truth and justice
2. appeal to people who can't be taught
3. allows use to see facts and flaws in eachother
4. natural and necessary
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| Year of Augustine | 427
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| Summarize Augustine's On the Christian Doctrine | rhetoric is at everyone's disposal.
rules of rhetoric are useless as the rhetor must think on his/her feet.
good rhetors modify their speaking style accordingly to fit matters.
CLAIMS TO HAVE USED HIS WORDS TO STOP A CIVIL WAR
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| Year of Longinus | 50 CE
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| Summarize Longinus' On the Sublime: | when rhetoric is done well it leads to the sublime, a moment of ecstasy.
LONGINUS WAS THE 'FIRST' LITERARY CRITIC
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| Essence of sublimity: | 1. greatness of thought
2. powerful emotion
3. certain kinds of figures
4. noble diction
5. elegant word arrangement
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| pseudo-baccananlian: | meaningless emotion
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| frigidity: | statement of overly exotic ideas
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| amplificiton: | emphasizing details and topics to strengthen an argument
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| Year of Baldesar Castigione | 1527
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| Summarize Castigione's The Book of the Courtier: | rhetoric as a public appearence. Rhetoric must be cool, collected, put-together.
sprezzatura.
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| Sprezzatura: | making something appear easy regardless of its difficulty.
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| Year of Christine de Pizan | 1405
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| Summarize Pizan's The Book of the City of Ladies: | rhetoric is a means of educational and social equalizing
supplanted misogynistic views of women in medieval thinking.
TOLD THE STORY OF THE RHETOR WHO WORE A VEIL.
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| Year of Madeline de Scudery | 1683
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| Summarize de Scudery's Converstations upon Several Subjects: | conversations like occur like in the salon.
rhetoric as it occurs in private; rhetoric as a conversational tool.
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| Year of Thomas Sheridan | 1762
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| Summarize Sheridan's Course of Lectures on Elocution: | rhetoric as tranmission of one's consciousness instead of just persuasion.
connection of words with emotional states and gestures.
rhetoric and enlightenment elocution
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| Year of Gilbert Austin | 1644
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| Summarize Austin's Chironomia: | rhetoric as a systematized movement to convey meaning and tone, including a collection of tones and gestures to be linked to words or lines.
robust, but lacking in practicality
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| Year of Maria Stewart | 1832
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| Year of Nietzsche | 1870
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| Year of Habermas |
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