Chapter 8
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Adware | Program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on Web pages, e-mail, or other Internet services
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| Anti-spam programs | Program that attempts to remove spam before it reaches a user’s inbox
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| Antivirus program | Program that protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files
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| BIOS | Basic input/output system; firmware that contains the computer’s startup instructions
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| Cold boot | Process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely
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| Command-line interface | Type of user interface in which a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard( such as function keys or key combination) to enter data and instructions
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| Compressed files/zipped | To shrink the size of a file
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| Computer virus | Potentially damaging computer program that affects, or infects, a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without the user’s knowledge or permission.
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| Cross platform | Progress that runs the same on multiple operating systems
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| Defragmenting | Reorganizing a disk so that the files are stored in contiguous sectors, thus speeding up disk access and the performance of the entire computer.
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| Diagnostic utility | Utility program that compiles technical information about a computer’s hardware and certain system software programs and then prepares a report outlining any identified problems
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| Disk defragmenter | Utility that reorganize the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster.
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| Disk scanner | Utility that searches for and removes unnecessary files.
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| DOS | Disk Operating System
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| Driver | Small program that tells an operating system how to communicate with a specific device
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| Encryption/decryption | Encryption-Process of converting readable data into characters to prevent unauthorized access Decryption-Process of deciphering encrypted data into a readable form
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| Fault tolerant computer (define & ex) | Computer that has duplicate components so it can continue to operate when one of its main components fail
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| File manager | Utility that performs functions related to file management
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| Filiter | Audio editing software feature designed to enhance audio quality
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| Folder | Specific named location on a storage medium that contains related documents
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| Graphical user interface (GUI) | Type of user interface that allows a user to interact with software using text, graphics, and visual images, such as icons
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| Kernel | The core of an operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the computer’s clock, starts programs, and assigns the computer’s resources
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| Malware | Programs that act without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alter a computer’s operations
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| Memory resident | Remaining in memory while a computer is running
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| Network administrator | Person overseeing network operations users the network OS to add and remove users, computers, and other devices to and from the network
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| Nonresident | Instructions that remain on a hard disk until they are needed
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| Operating system | Set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices.
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| Password | Private combination of characters associated with a username that allows access to certain computer resources
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| Performance monitor | Operating system program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
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| Phishing | Scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking e-mail that attempts to obtain your personal and financial information
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| Platform | Set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources
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| Pop-up Blocker | Filtering program that stops pop-up ads from display on Web pages
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| Screen saver/ghosting | Utility program that causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no mouse activity occurs for a specified time
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| Shortcut | Icon on the desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or file
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| Single user/single tasking | Allows only one to run one program at a time
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| Single user/multitasking | In reference to an operating system, allowing a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time
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| Spyware | Program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user, often related to web browsing habits
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| System software | Software that serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer's hardware
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| Trojan horse | hidese within or look a legimate program such as a scteen saver
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| User interface | The portion of software that defines how the user interacts with a computer, including how the user enters data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen
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| user name | unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet and/or numbers, the identifies a specic user
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| Utility program | Type of system software that allows the user to perform tasks, usually related to maintaining a computer, its devices, or its program
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| Virtual memory | A portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk, that the operating system allocate to function as additional RAM
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| Warm boot | Process of using the operating system to restart a computer
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| Worm | Copies itself rapidly using up system resources and possibly shutting the system down
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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