Disorders and General Intervention Considerations for PEDS
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Immobilize with a cast or splint. | keeping the involved area in proper alignment
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Instruct in proper positioning to reduce edema or swelling. | Elevating the involved/inflamed area to increase flow of body fluids back to the trunk
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Compensation | Helps child engage in occupations through changing the way or techniques used to participate.
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Modification/adaptation | Helps child participate in occupations by changing how the activities are performed.
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Emotional/psychosocial | Addresses emotional/psychosocial issues associated with disorders. Children may need to work on developing a positive self-concept, body awareness, and sense of control.
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Social participation | Promotes social participation in children.
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| Neuromuscular Disorders | loss of consciousness, lethargy, vomiting, irritability, processing, memory loss, comm/interaction impairments, slurred and/or slowed speech, word-finding problems, severe headache, confusion. Motor: loss of balance, abn. muscle tone, weakness | Preparatory Activities | Prepare child for act. by making them ready to interact w/environment. "Normalize" sensory awareness/response & muscle tone. Child participates in sensory games, rubbing arms w/diff. textures, awareness act.
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| Neuromuscular Disorders | Motor: loss of balance, abn. muscle tone, weakness | Enabling Activities | Build up skills needed for engagement in occupations (arm strength, visual attention, memory). Ex: weight-bearing & shifting act & development of arm strength through repetitive act (weight training, lifting plates, picking up laundry).
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| Neuromuscular Disorders | Motor: loss of balance, abn. muscle tone, weakness | Purposeful Activities and occupations | Facilitates performing the actual occupation or act in an environment closest to the natural one. Ex: unbuttoning shirt in prep for shower and preparing lunch at the clinic.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Behavior management programs | Programs to promote appropraite daily actions by identifying target behaviors, establishing positive reinforcers, & implementing a behavioral plan/follow-up w/data collection.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Structured environment | Sets up clear routines w/consistency to allow child to understand/practice daily occupations.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Total communication approach | Uses a variety of systems to relate to child, such as communication board, sign/verbal language, pointing/gesturing, facilitative communication.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | SI intervention | Uses suspended equipment to provide a controlled sensory input so that the child can make an adaptive response. SI theory postulates that this will help with CNS development.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Practice occupations | Repeat skills/occupations such as using bkwrd/fwd chaining. Children learn through repetition.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Teach/Repeat | Simplify occupations to allow child to participate/increase ability to reach milestones.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Education | Teaches child how to perform occupations. Educates parents, teachers, others about child's condition/tech's to support child's occupations.
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Promote interests | Provides novelty to promote interests and exploration
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| Developmental Disorders | Delays: motor processing, comm./interaction skills. Impaired body fxs, limited repertoire of behavior, stereotypical behaviors, decreased attention to purposeful acts/occ. Not reaching milestones. Infants showing decreased exploration/interest in environ | Emotional/psychosocial issues | Address child's self-concept, self-awareness, body awareness by providing opportunities for exploration/success.
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Promote proper joint alignment | Through static/dynamic splints or othotic devices, facilitates the typical alignment of muscles/joints.
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| Musculoskeletal Disorders | Misalignment of joints, swelling, pain, warmth to touch, Immobility, discoloration (red/blue/whiteness) | Apply modalities such as ice or moist heat. | Placing a moist heat pack or ice pack on the inflamed area.
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