SCC Micro II all tests
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| Whooping cough is caused by which of the following organisms? 1) Brucella abortus 2) Bordetella pertussis 3) Haemophilus influenzae 4) Pasteurella multicida | Bordetella pertussis
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| The major route of transmission for this organism is dissemination via air conditioning and water systems: 1) Escherichia coli 2) Legionella pneumophilia 3) Haemophilus influenzae 4) Staphylococcus aureus | Legionella pneumophilia
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| Infection with this organism is associated with bite wounds: 1) Eikenella corrodens 2) Legionella pneumophilia 3) Brucella suis 4) Bordetella pertussis | Eikenella corrodens
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| All of the following statements are true about Pasteurella spp., EXCEPT: 1) they have gram-negative staining characteristics 2) they are facultative anaerobes 3) grow well on MAC agar 4) they are often associated with a strong musty odor | they DO NOT grow well on MacConkey's agar
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| All of the following statements pertain to Francisella spp., EXCEPT: 1) transmitted 2 humans thru breaks in the skin, inhalation, or animal bites 2) possess a capsule/very virulent 3) are obligate aerobes 4) grow well on routine media | these organisms will NOT grow well on routine microbiology media
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| True or False: Gardnerella vaginalis can be found as normal flora in normal healthy women? 1) True 2) False | True
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| True or False: Eikenella corrodens is always considered a pathogen when isolated from the human mouth? 1) True 2) False | False
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| What are "clue cells", and with what type of infection are they associated? | Clue cells are epithelial cells that are completely covered with bacteria. They are associated with bacterial vaginosis.
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| What organism is associated with being the normal flora of a "healthy" vagina? | Lactobacillus spp (Gardnerella)
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| What does the term "ubiquitous" mean? | found everywhere in nature
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| What does the term "zoonotic" mean? | animal to human transmission
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| Presently, according to your textbook, the most common ticke-borne disease in the United States is: 1) rocky mountain spotted fever 2) malaria 3) lyme disease 4) relapsing fever | lymes disease
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| presently, what is the number one sexually transmitted disease in the United States? | Chlamydia
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| The Rickettsiae spp. share antigens with other bacteria. Antigens shared with this Genus form the basis of the Weil-Felix agglutination test: 1) Salmonella spp. 2) Proteus spp. 3) Escherichia spp. 4) Clostridium spp. | Proteus spp
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| The Rickettsiae spp. share antigens with other bacteria. Antigens shared with this Genus form the basis of the Weil-Felix agglutination test: 1) Salmonella spp. 2) Proteus spp. 3) Escherichia spp. 4) Clostridium spp. | elementary body
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| Explain why penicillin is not effect in the treatment of Mycoplasma spp. infections. | Mycoplasma spp. lack a cell wall. The mechanism by which penicillin works in the body is by attacking the cell wall of the offending microorganism.
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| This organism is associated with causing "walking pneumonia": 1) Mycoplasma pneumoniae 2) Rickettsia rickettsii 3) Chlamydia trachomatis 4) Treponema pallidium | Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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| All of the following are true statements about the Rickettsia, EXCEPT: 1) are obligate intracellular parasites 2) cause zoonotic infections in humans 3) vectors include ticks, lice, mites, and fleas 4) isolation is easy | isolation of these organisms is NOT easy
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| These organisms lack a rigid cell wall: 1) Mycoplasma spp. 2) Rickettsia spp. 3) Chlamydia spp. 4) Treponema spp. | Mycoplasma spp
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| Which of the following organisms is associated with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) in males and lung disease in infants? 1) Mycoplasma pneumoniae 2) Mycoplasma hominis 3) Ureaplasma urealyticum 4) Mycoplasma penetrans | Ureaplasma urealyticum
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| List the three major GROUPS of infections caused by the Rickettsia family | typhus, scrub typhus, and rocky mountain spotted fever
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| What is the general mode of transmission to humans for Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Mycoplasma pneumoniae: respiratory secretions
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| What is the general mode of transmission to humans for Chlamydia trachomatis, | Chlamydia trachomatis: STD, mother-to-newborn transmission
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| What is the general mode of transmission to humans for Trench fever (Rickettsial infection) | Trench fever (Rickettsial infection): vectors: lice and ticks
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| Define zoonosis. | animal to human transmission
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| This term means coming from the "inside". | endogenous
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| Define "microaerophilic" organism. | A type of microorganism that likes a reduced oxygen atmosphere, but not anaerobic conditions.
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| Define "polymicrobial" infection. | An infection that has more than one pathogenic microorganism that is causing the infection.
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| List and explain the function of the three major virulence factors that the LP stated anaerobic microorganisms possess that allow them to cause infectoins in humans. | adherance/attachment--> they are structurally able to attach and invade the hosts surfaces 2. toxins or enzymes-->they can produce these and it will destroy the host tissues 3. capsules-->having these can reduce or prevent phagocytosis
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| Most infections caused by anaerobic microorganisms can be treated with routine antbiotic therapy. When the infection is polymicrobial, the treatment of the other microorganisms causing the infection will usually also treat the anaerobic microorganism
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| What is the gram stain reaction and morphology of the Bacteroides spp.? | gram negative anaerobic bacilli
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| Two broad classifications of gram positive anaerobic microorganisms were given in your LP. Name them. | Anaerobic gram positive spore-forming bacilli 2. Anaerobic gram positive cocci and nonspore-forming bacilli
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| This organism is associated with causing antibiotic associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. 1) Clostridium botulinum 2) Clostridium perfringens 3) Clostridium tentani 4) Clostridium difficile | Clostridium difficile
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| The most lethal toxin known to man is caused by the following microorganism. 1) Clostridium difficile 2) Clostridium tentani 3) Clostridium perfringens 4) Clostridium botulinum | Clostridium botulinum
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| Describe what a microorganism that is said to have a gram staining morphology of "diphtheroid" would appear like under the microscope | Diphtheroid morphology is describe as Chinese leter forms of "X", "Y" and "L".
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| This type of organism cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. 1) capnophile 2) obligate anaerobe 3) facultative anaerobe 4) obligate aerobe | obligate anaerobe
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| What three incubation requirements are necessary to allow anaerobic microorganisms to grow in culture? | total nonoxygen atmosphere 2. 35-37C (temperature) 3. minimum incubation time of 48 hours
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| Where on the body can anaerobic gram positive bacteria be found as normal flora? | These organisms are, for the most part, components of the normal flora of the skin or mucosal surfaces of humans
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| What is the gram stain reaction and morphology of the Clostridium spp.? | gram positive spore forming bacilli
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| SPIROCHETES QUIZ | SPIROCHETES QUIZ
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| The genera Spirochetes are distinguished by all of the following, EXCEPT: axial filaments biochemical activitiy morphology gram stain reaction | GRAM STAIN REACTION
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| Give the general microscopic "coil" morphology of the following organisms: a. Treponema sp. b. Borrelia sp. c. Leptospira sp. | a. Treponema sp: tightly coiled b. Borrelia sp: loosely coiled c. Leptospira sp.: coiled, but hooked
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| What is the name of the characteristic lesion seen with primary syphilis? | chancre
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| The organism associated with causing Lyme disease is: Borrelia burgdorferi Treponema pallidium Leptospira interrogens Trichomonas vaginalis | Borrelia burgdorferi
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| Which of the following is a characteristic clinical sign of Lyme disease? chancres maculopapular rash eythrema migrans hyperkeratosis | eythrema migrans
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| The clinical condition known as leptospirosis can range from sub-clinical to severe, depending upon all of the following, EXCEPT: portal of entry host condition infecting organism primary lesions | primary lesions
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| What type of microscopy technique would MOST likely help identify Spirochetes spp.? | dark-field or phase-contrast microscopy
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| Leptospirosis is considered an "acute, febrile zoonotic" infection. In your own words, explain what this means. | Leptospirosis is a fast acting infection with a fever that is transmitted to humans from animals. These animals include dogs, cows, pigs, horses, and rodents.
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| Explain transmission of the following: a. congenital syphilis b. acquired syphilis | a. congenital: during birthing process b. acquired: STD
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| How are infections with the Borrelia spp. transmitted to humans? | Borrelia is transmitted to humans by the following vectors: lice or ticks.
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| Which of the following organisms is associated with causing syphilis? | Treponema pallidium
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| Nontreponemal tests for syphilis include all of the following except: VDRL RPR FTA-ABS ART | FTA-ABS
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| True or false: The tertiary stage of syphilis is highly contagious. True False | FALSE
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| What is the name given to the type of motility seen with the Spirochetes? How or why are these organisms able to move in this fashion? | Motility: corkscrew motion (motility) This movement is due to the organism's axial filaments
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| True or false: Treponema pallidium can be grown in vitro on artificial media. True False | FALSE
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