Patient protection
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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characteristics of radiation risks | show 🗑
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Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) Committe VII risk model for exposure to low-level radiation | show 🗑
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Important for patient safety | show 🗑
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show | single most important factor in keeping patient dose to a minumum, only tissues of diagnostic interest should be iradiated -reduces pt dose, reduces production of scattered radiation, improves quality of image
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Beam restrictor types | show 🗑
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Collimator | show 🗑
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Aperture diaphragm | show 🗑
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Cone/cylinder -used for relatively small field size (paranasal sinuses) | show 🗑
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show | have a fixed opening size, only one field size at a given distance
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show | controls quantity, no affect on quality
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show | controls quality, affects quantity
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NCRP guideline for manual collimation must be within _____ of the SID. | show 🗑
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show | sensors located in Bucky tray or other IR holder signal the collimator to open or close accordingly to the IR size being used, will provide a small unexposed border on all sides of the finished image -required by the NCRP to be withi
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show | -required by the NCRP to be within 3% of SID for a single side and within 4% of SID for all 4 sides
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NCRP guidelines for manual collimation | show 🗑
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Collimator assembly-light localization apparatus | show 🗑
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T/F For the x-ray light field and x-ray field to correspond accurately, the x-ray tube focal spot and the light bulb must be exactly the same distance from teh center of the mirror. | show 🗑
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exposure factors for patient safety | show 🗑
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Three-phase or high frequency generators | show 🗑
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Inherent filtration | show 🗑
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Filtration summary | show 🗑
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show | gones, lens, blood-froming organs
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show | all women under 55, all men under 65
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Gonad shielding | show 🗑
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show | -when diagnostic objectives permit -when pt is of reasonable reproductive age -when gonads lie in or within 5 cm of the collimated field
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show | effective for gonads, shaped to enclose male reproductive organs, held in place by disposable briefs, effective for oblique, erect, and fluro exams
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Shadow shields | show 🗑
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Mammography equipment with a molybdenum target has how much filtration? | show 🗑
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show | beryllium-low atomic number (4)
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show | thin sheets of aluminum that are added, collimator and its mirror
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Why use PA instead of AP chest or spine? | show 🗑
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show | True -place radiosensitive organs away from the entrance beam
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show | Skull, chest, abdomen, scoliosis series, spine
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good communication | show 🗑
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lead aprons during fluoro | show 🗑
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show | length of the shortest exposure possible with a particular AEC
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show | needs fixed or will have excess density -preferable to decrease ma, but may decrease kV
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show | film/screen radiography -four times faster than calcium tungstate phosphors
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Advantage of digital fluoro | show 🗑
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grids | show 🗑
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air-gap technique | show 🗑
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show | linearity and reproducibility
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linearity | show 🗑
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show | consistency in exposure output during repeated exposures at a particular setting, any variation in output intensity must not exceed 5%
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High ratio grids with low kV | show 🗑
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show | decreases positioning latitude
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show | used in mobile radiography, more positioning latitude
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show | up to 90 kV
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show | 100 kV or more
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10:1 or 12:1 grid used in what type of equipment? | show 🗑
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show | False. They require more exposure.
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show | -decrease length of exposure -use last image hold -keep pt as close to II as possible -use automatic brightness control setting with high kV, low mA -minimize "boost" and "mag" modes, low pulse rate -collimate to smallest field of view
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show | -use lowest practical pulse rate -change tube angle or patient position to spread dose over larger area
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NCRP guidelines for x-ray tube housing leakage | show 🗑
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Source-Skin distance for all radiographic procedures (NCRP) | show 🗑
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show | fewer than 10 R/min
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Where should the focal spot location be indicated? (NCRP) | show 🗑
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How often should intensifying screens be cleaned and checked? (NCRP) | show 🗑
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show | dead-man switch
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show | RT should be able to see and communicate with the patient at all times
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show | national council on radiation protection and measurements
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show | reduce patient skin dose
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Created by:
mmarnold2