Respiratory System Ch 25
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| show | gas exchange; the transfer of O2 and CO2 between the atmosphere and blood
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| show | 500ml - volume of air exchanged with each breath
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| Alveoli | show 🗑
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| Surfactant | show 🗑
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| What two types of circulation do the lungs have | show 🗑
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| show | provides the lungs with blood for gas exchange
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| show | provides oxygen to the bronchi and other pulmonary tissue
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| How many ribs are in a human body | show 🗑
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| show | the ribs and sternum
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| show | a membrane that lines the chest cavity
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| Visceral pluera | show 🗑
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| Which pleura does not have nerve endings or afferent pain fibers | show 🗑
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| show | parietal pleura
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| Intrapleural space | show 🗑
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| What is the purpose of the intrapleural space | show 🗑
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| How much fluid is normally in the pleural space | show 🗑
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| Empyema | show 🗑
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| show | diaphragm
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| show | from an area of higher pressure (atmospheric) to one of lower pressure (intrathoracic)
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| Elastic recoil | show 🗑
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| show | a measure of the elasticity of the lungs and thorax
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| What happens when compliance is decreased | show 🗑
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| show | How O2 and CO2 are moved back and forth across the alveolar capillary membrane
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| show | arterial oxygen tension
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| show | The amount of oxygen disolved in the plasma
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| show | arterial oxygen saturation
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| SaO2 represents what | show 🗑
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| PaO2 is expressed in | show 🗑
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| show | %
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| show | PaO2, PaCO2, acidity (pH), and bicarbonate (HCO3-) in arterial blooc
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| show | arterial puncture or from an aterial catheter in the radial or femoral artery
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| pH | show 🗑
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| show | 80-100 mm Hg
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| SaO2 | show 🗑
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| HCO3- | show 🗑
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| S/S of inadequate oxygenation on the CNS | show 🗑
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| show | Tachypnea, Dyspnea on exertion, Dyspnes at rest (late), Use of accessory muscles (late), Retraction of interspaces on inspiration (late), Pause for breath between sentences/words (late)
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| show | Tachycardia, Mild HTN, Arrhythmias (ex:PVC'S)(early or late), Hypotension (late), Cyanosis (late), Cool / clammy skin (late)
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| show | Diaphoresis (early or late), Decreased urinary output (early or late), Unexplained fatigue (early or late)
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| Normal SpO2 | show 🗑
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| SpO2 | show 🗑
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| Sites of pulse oximetry | show 🗑
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| Hypoxemia | show 🗑
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| show | abnormally low oxygen availability to the body or an individual tissue or organ
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| What is the first evidence of hypoxemia | show 🗑
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| The mechanism that stimulates the release of surfactant is | show 🗑
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| During inspiration, air enters the thoracic cavity as a result of | show 🗑
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| The ability of the lungs to adequately oxygenate the arterial blood is determined by examination of the | show 🗑
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| The most important respiratory defense mechanism distal to the respiratory bronchioles is the | show 🗑
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| A rightward shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve | show 🗑
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| During the respiratory assessment of the older adult, the nurse would expect to find | show 🗑
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| When assessing activity-exercise patterns related to respiratory health, the nurse inquires about | show 🗑
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| show | palms
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| Which of the following finding is an abnormal assessment finding of the respiratory system? | show 🗑
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| A diagnostic procedure done to remove pleural fluid for analysis is | show 🗑
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| show | excess CO2 in the blood
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| show | dec. Elastic recoil, dec. Chest wall compliance, Inc. Anteroposterior diameter, dec. Functioning aveoli
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| Defense mechanism changes r/t aging | show 🗑
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| show | dec. response to hypoxemia, dec. response to hypercapnia
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| show | clear to gray with occasional specks of brown
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| show | clear, whitish, or slightly yellow, especially in the morning on rising
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| Normal sputum is | show 🗑
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| These respiratory conditions can cause chest pain | show 🗑
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| show | sharp, stabbing pain associated with movement or deep breathing
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| Description of fractured rib pain | show 🗑
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| show | along the the borders of the sternum and is associated with breathing
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| Assessment of the nose | show 🗑
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| show | should be smooth and moist with no evidence of exudate, ulcerations, swelling or postnasal drip
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| show | cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus) are intact
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| Assessment of the neck | show 🗑
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| Normal respiratory rate | show 🗑
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| Normal respiratory rates in the elderly | show 🗑
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| Kussmaul | show 🗑
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| show | abnormal patterns of respiration characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing
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| Biot's | show 🗑
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| Cyanosis is best observed where in dark-skinned people | show 🗑
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| show | hypoxemia or decreased cardiac output
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| show | an increase in the angle between the base of the nail and the fingernail - usually accompanied by sponginess of the end of the finger
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| show | midline
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| Resonance | show 🗑
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| show | loud, lower-pitched sound than normal resonance heard ofver hyperinflated lungs, such as in chronic obstructive lung disease and acute asthma
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| show | Drumlike, loud, empty quality heard over gas-filled stomach or intestines, or pneumothorax
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| show | Medium-intensity pitch and duration heard over areas of "mixed" solid and lung tissue, such as over the top area of the liver, partially consolidated lung tissue (pneumonia) or fluid-filled pleural space
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| Flat | show 🗑
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