CPR/First Aid
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| First aid is not | full and complete treatment.
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| Always check the scene and make sure it is | safe to approach an accident victim.
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| Never move an injured victim unless | the victim is in a dangerous area.
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| Never make a diagnosis or discuss the victim’s condition | with observers at the scene.
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| Before starting chest compressions. | feel for a pulse for at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds
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| give five back blows followed by five chest thrusts if | an infant has an obstructed airway,
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| The pressure point to stop bleeding in the arm is | the brachial artery.
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| A poison can be | Any substance that causes a harmful reaction when applied or ingested.
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| If chemicals splash on the skin and cause burns, | use large amounts of water to wash the skin and dilute the chemicals.
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| Treat a dislocation the same way | as a fracture
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| A sprain is an injury to the | tissues surrounding a joint.
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| Cold applications are used initially to | decrease swelling for both sprains and strains.
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| An airtight dressing such as aluminum foil, plastic wrap, or nonporous material should be | placed over a sucking chest wound.
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| If abdominal organs are protruding from a wound what should you do? | use a large sterile dressing moistened with sterile water or normal saline to cover the area.
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| Signs and symptoms of a heart attack vary depending on | the amount of heart damage.
the amount of heart damage.
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| A cerebrovascular accident can be caused by | the presence of a clot in a cerebral artery or hemorrhage from a blood vessel in the brain.
the presence of a clot in a cerebral artery or hemorrhage from a blood vessel in the brain.
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| Even though a victim is unconscious, | he or she may be able to hear and understand what is going on.
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| Fainting can be a sign of | a serious illness or condition that requires medical attention.
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| If a diabetic is unconscious and you are not able to determine whether the condition is diabetic coma or insulin shock, what should you do? | put granulated sugar under the victim’s tongue.
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| What should you do for a victim of cardiac arrest caused by a drug overdose. | start CPR and shout for help
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| Emotional distress such as anger, fear, or grief can cause | Shock
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| The rule of nines is used to calculate | the percentage of body surface burned.
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| Immediate medical care during the first three hours after a cerebrovascular accident can |
help prevent brain damage.
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| The first step of first aid is to ____. | recognize that an emergency exists
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| What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations when one person is performing CPR on an adult victim? | 30:2
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| If you are caring for a critical adult accident victim and determine that the victim is unconscious, ____. | call EMS immediately
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| How far should a child’s chest be compressed during cardiac compressions? | at least 1/3 the depth of the chest
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| A wound caused by a sharp object such as a knife, scissors, or a razor is a/an ____. | incision
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| Tetanus is most likely to occur with a/an ____. | puncture
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| Rapid, shallow respirations, rapid weak pulse, and diaphoresis are signs of | signs and symptoms of shock
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| If a poison has been swallowed, the first step of care is to ____. | call a poison control center
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| If a victim has contact with a poisonous plant, ____. | wash the area with soap and water
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| The type of burn characterized by a red or mottled color, a wet appearance, and a blister or vesicle is a ____. | partial-thickness burn (or second-degree burn)
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| To treat clear or blood-tinged fluid draining from the ear after a skull or brain injury, ____. | allow the fluid to flow from the ear
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| Do not put a blunt object between the victim’s teeth to keep the victim from biting his or her tongue is treatment for | convulsion
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| Sweet or fruity odor to the breath | symptom of diabetic coma
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| The most common bandage wrap for a sprained ankle or wrist is the ____. | figure-eight wrap
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| Call first for EMS before starting CPR for ____. | an unconscious adult
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| The type of shock that occurs when poisons or toxins in the blood cause vasodilation and the blood pressure drops is ____. | septic
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| What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations when two people are performing CPR on an adult victim? | 30:2
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| The type of shock that occurs when vomiting or diarrhea causes dehydration and a disruption in the normal acid-base balance of the body is ____. | metabolic
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| Condition that can occur with any illness or injury | Shock
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| Medical emergency caused by prolonged exposure to heat | Heat stroke
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| Tearing of tissues to create a wound with jagged, irregular edges | Laceration
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| Excessive loss of blood | Hemorrhage
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| Overstretching of a muscle | Strain
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| Excessive or profuse perspiration | Diaphoresis
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| Sterile covering placed over a wound | Dressing
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| A scraping type of wound prone to infection | Abrasion
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| Freezing of tissue fluids accompanied by damage to the skin | Frostbite
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| Low body temperature due to prolonged exposure to cold | Hypothermia
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| Muscle spasm caused by exposure to heat | Heat cramp
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| Wound created by a sharp object such as a pin or nail | Puncture
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| Body part is cut off and separated from the body | Amputation
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| Violent involuntary contraction of muscles | Convulsion
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| Material used to secure splints or support body parts | Bandage
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| Difficult or labored respirations | Dyspnea
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| Torn tissue hanging from the ear, nose, hand, or other body part | Avulsion
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| Injury to the tissues surrounding a joint | Sprain
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| situation, actions taken, exact location, telephone number you are calling from, assistance required, number of people involved, condition of the victim | types of information you should provide to emergency medical services when you call.
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| information from the victim, information from other persons present, examination of items at the scene, emergency medical identification bracelet or necklace, medical cards, Vial-of-Life, empty medicine containers, bottles of chemicals or solutions | sources of information you can use to learn about the accident, injury, or illness.
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| occurs when the heart stops beating and victim stops breathing | clinical death
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| What do the letters of the CABD sequence of CPR stand for | circulation, airway, breathing, and defibrillation
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| victim starts to breathe; help arrives ; a legally qualified person orders you to discontinue ; rescuer is exhausted; scene becomes unsafe; you are given a legally valid do not resuscitate (DNR) order | reasons for stopping CPR once it has been started.
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| direct pressure, elevation, pressure bandage, pressure points | steps to control severe bleeding in the correct order of their use.
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| skin color; skin temperature; swelling or edema; amount of pain; tingling or numbness; poor return after blanching nails; pulse can be felt below splint or bandage | points that should be checked frequently to make sure circulation is not impaired after a splint or bandage has been applied.
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| method of prioritizing treatment | What is triage?
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| occurs four to six minutes after clinical death and refers to the death of body cells. | biological death
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| Treatment for convulsions | remove dangerous objects from area, avoid using force to restrain or stop muscle movements, and put a pillow or cushion under the victim's head
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| Call first for EMS before starting CPR for | an unconscious adult or child who has reached puberty
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| The goal of CPR is to | begin compressions within 10 seconds of recognizing cardiac arrest.
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| The adult defibrillator dose and adult electrodes should be used for any child | older than 8 years
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