Biology Vocab Unit 9
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| haploid, or gamete-producing, phase of an organism | gametophyte
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| diploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism | sporophyte
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| vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant | xylem
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| vascular tissue responsible for the transport of nutrients and the carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis | phloem
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| embryo of a living plant that is encased in a protective covering and surrounded by a food supply | seed
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| type of plant tissue specialized to conduct water | vascular tissue
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| in plants, a cluster of vascular tissue in leaves; in animals, a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart | vein
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| seed plant that bears its seeds directly on the surfaces of cones | gymnosperm
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| flowering plant; bears its seeds within a layer of tissue that protects the seed | angiosperm
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| transfer of pollen from te male gametophyte to the female gametophyte | pollination
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| in gymnosperms, a seed-bearing structure; in the retina of the eye, a photoreceptor that responds to light of different colors, producing color vision | cone
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| food-rich tissue that nourishes a seedling as it grows | endosperm
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| thick wall of tissue surrounding an angiosperm seed | fruit
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| angiosperm whose seeds have one cotyledon | monocot
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| male gametophyte in seed plants | pollen grain
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| angiosperm whose seeds have two cotyledons | dicot
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| seed leaf in a plant embryo | cotyledon
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| flowering plant that lives for more than two years | perennial
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| flowering plant that completes a life cycle within one growing season | annual
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| primary root found in some plants that grows longer and thicker than other roots | taproot
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| part of a root system in which roots branch to such an extent that no single root grows larger than the rest | fibrous root
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| loss of water from a plant through its leaves | transpiration
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| opening in the underside of a leaf that allows carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf | stomata
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| specialized cell in the epidermis of plants that controls the opening and closing of stomata by responding to changes in water pressure | guard cell
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| outermost circle of flower parts that encloses a bud before it opens and protects the flower while it is developing | sepal
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| the female organs of a flower | pistil
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| male part of the flower; made up of an anther and a filament tip | stamen
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| in algae, a long threadlike colony formed by many green algae; in plants, a long, thin structure that supports an anther | filament
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| flower structure in which haploid male gametophytes are produced | anther
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| narrow stalk of the carpel in a flower | style
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| early growth stage of a plant embryo | germination
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| sticky portion at the top of the style where pollen grains frequently land | stigma
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