Ch 16
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| T/F Mendel's work on inheritance was published after Darwin's lifetime. | show 🗑
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| show | He did not know the source of the variation that was so central to his theory. He could not explain how inheritable traits were passed from one generation to the next
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| show | 1genetics 2molecular biology 3evolutionary theory
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| show | population
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| show | gene pool
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| T/F The gene pool typically contains just one allele for each inheritable trait | show 🗑
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| The number of timmes that an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of times other alleles occur is called the __________ of the allele. | show 🗑
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| show | 1Mutations 2Genetic Shuffling
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| What is a mutation? | show 🗑
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| Why do mutations occur? | show 🗑
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| show | true
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| T/F Mutations always affect lengthy segments of a chromosome | show 🗑
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| T/F Mutations always affect an organisms phenotype | show 🗑
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| T/F Mutations always affect an organisms fitness | show 🗑
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| T/F Most inheritable differences are due to gene shuffling that occurs during the production of gametes | show 🗑
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| show | true
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| show | true
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| show | true
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| T/F Sexual reproduction can change the relative frequency of alleles in a population | show 🗑
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| T/F The number of phenotypes produced for a given trait depends on how many genes control the trait | show 🗑
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| show | false
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| T/F Natural selection on single-gene traits cannot lead to changes in allele frequencies | show 🗑
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| show | It would disappear from the gene pool completely or fewer copies of an allele would be passed down to future generations
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| If a trait had no effect on an organisms fitness, what would happen to the alelle for that trait? | show 🗑
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| show | 1Directional selection 2Stabilizing Selection 3Disruptive Selection
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| What is directional selection? | show 🗑
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| show | Individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end
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| show | Individuals at the upper and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle
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| An increase in the average size of beaks in Galapagos finches is an example of ________ selection | show 🗑
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| show | false
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| T/F Natural selection is the only source of evolutionary change | show 🗑
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| Random change in allele frequencies in small populations is called ________ | show 🗑
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| show | founder effect
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| What is an example of the founder effect? | show 🗑
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| show | Allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies to change
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| show | genetic equilibrium
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| 5 Conditions req to maintain genetic equilibrium | show 🗑
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| Why is large population size important in maintaining genetic equilibrium | show 🗑
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| show | The formation of new species
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| show | false
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| What does it mean for 2 species to be reproductively isolated from each other? | show 🗑
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| What must happen in order for new species to evolve? | show 🗑
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| show | 1behavioral 2geographic 3temporal
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| show | 2 populations are capable of interbreeding but have dif. in courtship rituals or other types of behavior
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| show | true
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| show | 2 populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water
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| Abert and Kaibab squirrels in the SW are an ex. of ___________ isolation | show 🗑
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| T/F Geographic barriers guarantee the formation of new species | show 🗑
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| What is an example of temporal isolation? | show 🗑
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| T/F The basic mechanisms of evolutionary change cannot be observed in nature | show 🗑
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| show | true/false
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| Hyp tested by Grants: T/F Differences in the finches' beak size/shape produce dif in fitness that cause nat selection, The evolution of finches is proceeding slow/gradually | show 🗑
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| Observ. by Grants: T/F Dif. in beak size=more imp. for survival during wet season, When food for finches was scarce, individuals with the largest beaks were less likely to survie | show 🗑
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| Observ by Grants: T/F Big beaked birds tend to mate w/ small beaked birds, Average size beak increased dramatically | show 🗑
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| Speciation probably occurred in Galapagos finches | show 🗑
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