Periodontal Disease
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| calcium and phosphate salts in saliva that become mineralized and adhere to tooth surfaces | calculus
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| inflammation of the gingival tissue | gingivitis
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| referring to the periodontium | periodontal
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| inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth | periodontitis
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| structures that surround,support,and are attached to the teeth | periodontium
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| procedure in which a dental endoscope is used subgingivally | perioscopy
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| soft deposit on teeth that consists of bacteria and bacterial by products | plaque
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| referring to the area below the gingivae | subgingival
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| referring to the area above the gingiva | supragingival
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| commonly referred to as the gums, this mucosa covers the alveolar process of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth | gingivae
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| tissue at the base of the sulcus where the gingiva attaches to the tooth. | epithelial attachment
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| space between the tooth and the free gingiva | sulcus
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| dense connective fibers that connect the cementum covering the root of the tooth with the alveolar bone of the socket wall | periodontal ligaments
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| covers the root of the tooth. The primary function of the cementum is to anchor the tooth to the bony socket with attachment of the periodontal ligaments | cementum
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| bone that supports the tooth in its position within the jaw. The alveolar socket is the cavity in the bone that surrounds the tooth | alveolar bone
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| what percentage of adults have some form of periodontal disease, and most are unaware of it | 75
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| recent evidence indicates that the presence of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease may significantly affect health conditions such as | coronary heart disease,stroke,or preterm birth
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| individuals with severe periodontal disease have 3 times the risk for what | stroke
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| individuals with severe periodontal disease have 3.6 times the risk for what | coronary heart disease
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| women with severe periodontal disease have ____ times the risk for | 7,preterm low birth weight babies
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| what critical factors are in the risk for periodontal disease | type of bacteria, length of time bacteria are left undisturbed on the teeth, and patient response to bacteria
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| bacteria in dental plaque cause inflammation by | producing enzymes and toxins that destroy periodontal tissues and lower host defenses
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| what in the saliva forms calculus | calcium and phosphate salts
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| what is the commonly used term for calculus | tartar
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| where is supragingival calculus found | on the clinical crowns of the teeth above the margin of the gingiva
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| what does supragingival calculus occur more frequently | near the openings of the wharton's ducts ( on the lingual surfaces of the lower anterior teeth)and stensen's ducts ( on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary molars
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| what color is supragingival calculus | yellowish-white that may darken over time
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| what color is subgingival calculus | dark green or black in color
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| why is subgingival calculus the color it is | due to stain that results from subgingival bleeding
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| subgingival calculus forms where | on root surfaces below the gingival margin and can extend into the periodontal pockets
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| thin film of protein that quikly forms on teeth. It can be removed by coronal polishing with an abrasive agent | acquired pellicle
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| soft mixture of bacteria and salivary proteins, also known as "white material" it is visible without the use of a disclosing agent and is common in individuals with poor oral hygiene | materia alba
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| smoking,diabetes mellitus,poor oral hygiene,osteoporosis, HIV/AIDS,Stress,medications and Local factors | common risk factors for periodontal disease
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| ______ have greater loss of attachment, bone loss,periodontal pocket depths,calculus formation, and tooth loss. | Smokers
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| Periodontal treatments are less effective in _______ than non ___________ | smokers,smokers
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| what is associated with depression of the immune system. Studies have shown a link between ____ and periodontal attachment loss. | Stress,stress
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| what are the 2 basic forms of periodontal disease | gingivitis and periodontitis
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| areas of redness and swelling, the gingiva bleeding easily and changes in the gingival contour and loss of tissue adaptation to the teeth all characterize what | gingivitis
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| where is gingivitits found | only in the epithelium and in gingival connective tissues
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| what is not associated with gingivitis | tissue recession, loss of connective tissue, or loss of bone
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| gingivitis can be associated with | puberty,pregnancy,use of birth control medication and orthodontic appliances
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| when the gingiva appears red, bulbous,spongy and hemorrhagic what is associated with these characteristics | severe vitamin C deficiency and scurvy
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| the severity of periodontal disease is determined by assessment of the amount of loss attachment and listed in 3 catagories | slight or early, moderate and severe or advanced
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| what measurement would be recorded form someone with moderate peridontitis | 4,5,6,7mm
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| NUG | necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
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