McGraw-Hill Emergency Medical Responder 2nd Edition CH.16
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Bluish-gray color of a patients skin, nail beds, and mucous membranes | late sign of Hypoxia
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| confusion, anxiety, irritability, restlessness, an increased respiratory rate, increased heart rate, and mild respiratory distress | early indications of Hypoxia
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| Orthopnea | breathlessness when lying flat that is relieved or lessened when the patient sits or stands
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| Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea | a sudden onset of difficulty breathing that occurs at night due to a buildup of fluid in the alveoli or pooling of secretions during sleep
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| slow respiratory rate (below normal breaths/min.) | bradypnea
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| fast respiratory rate (above normal breaths/min.) | tachypnea
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| The amount of air moved into or out of a patient's lungs during 1 normal breath | Tidal volume
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| retractions | "sinking in" of the soft tissues between and around the ribs or above the collarbones
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| supraclavicular retractions | indentations of the skin above the collarbones (clavicles)
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| intercostal retractions | indentations of the skin between the ribs
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| subcostal retractions | indentations of the skin below the rib cage
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| absent breathing | apnea
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| Hypoxia | a lack of oxygen
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| breastbone | sternum
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| A buildup of fluid in the alveoli, most commonly due to failure of the left ventricle of the heart | Pulmonary edema
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| Abnormal breathing which the abdominal muscles move in a direction opposite the chest wall | Seesaw breathing
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| Croup | An infection that affects the larynx and the area just below it
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| Trachea | Windpipe
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| Widening of the nostrils when a patient breathes in | Nasal flaring
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| Pulmonary embolus | A clot that travels through the circulatory system, eventually becoming trapped in the smaller branches of the pulmonary arteries, causing partial or complete blood flow obstruction
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| Head bobbing | An indicator of increased work of breathing in infants-when the baby breathes out, the head falls forward; the baby's head comes up when the baby breathes in and his chest expands
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| Sitting up and leaning forward with the weight of the upper body supported by the hands on the thighs or knees | Tripod position
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| Nonallergic asthma | Asthma that is triggered by factors not related to allergies
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| The exchange of gases between a living organism and its environment | Respiration
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| Hypoxic drive | Low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate breathing instead of an increase in carbon dioxide levels
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| Pneumonia | A respiratory infection that may involve the lower airways and alveoli, part of a lobe, or an entire lobe of the lung
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