Science 6 Semester 1
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| Observation | act of identifying details of something/someone
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| Inference | conclusion or opinion that is drawn through reasoning (known or assumed)
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| Prediction | to state or tell about in advance (using special knowledge)
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| Qualitative | observations that help provide specifics using your senses (color, shape, texture, smell)
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| Quantitative | observations that involve numbers or amounts (count, weight, measure)
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| How do you measure a liquid using a Graduated Cylinder? | Make sure you are eye level with the level of liquid and read the measurement on the bottom of the curve (meniscus)
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| How do you measure the volume of an irregular object using a Graduated Cylinder? | Using water displacement.
Amt of water with object - Amt of water without object = Volume of Object
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| What system of units to all scientist use to measure and communicate results? | Metric System
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| The basic unit of length | meter(m)
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| Mass | Amount of matter in an object
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| The basic unit of mass | kilogram (kg)
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| Volume | Amount of space an object takes up
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| Steps of the Scientific Method | State the problem, Gather Information, Form a Hypothesis, Test the Hypothesis, Analyze the Data, Form a Conclusion, Repeat the Work
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| Experiments | tests done to prove or disprove hypotheses
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| Control Group | used for comparison
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| Experimental Group | used to test the hypothesis
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| 4 Parts of a Lab | Problem, Procedure, Observation, Conclusion
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| Variable | any factor in an experiment that changes
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| Independent Variable (IV) | factor that is purposely changed (You change it)
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| Dependent Variable (DV) | factor that changes as a result of the purposely changed factor (The experiment changes it)
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| Constant | any factor in an experiment that is not allowed to change
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| Levels of independent variable | ways the experimenter changes the independent variable
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| Number of repeated trials | how many tiems the experimenter tests each level of independent variable
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| Scientific Title Format | The Effect of IV on DV.
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| Hypothesis Format | If how you change the IV, then how you predict the DV will change.
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| Direct Proportion | If IV increases, then DV increases. If IV decreases, the DV decreases.
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| Inverse Proportion | If IV increases, then DV decreases. If IV decreases, then DV increases.
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| graph | diagram that shows the relationship between two variables
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| Line graph | shows continuous data (Amount, size, concentration, age)
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| Bar graph | show discrete data (kind, type, brand, color)
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| rotation | Earth spinning on its axis
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| revolution | The movement of one object around another object
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| ellipse | oval or elongated circle; shape orbit of the planets
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| What causes seasons? | The tilt of the Earth's axis (tilted towards sun = summer, titled away from sun = winter)
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| solstice | Two days each year when sun is overhead at 23.5 degrees South or North. These are either the longest or shortest days of the year
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| equinox | When neither hemisphere is tilted away from the sun and the days and nights are exactly the same length.
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| causes of day and night | Earth's rotation on its axis
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| Length of 1 of Earths' roations | 24 hours (1 day)
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| Lenght of 1 of Earth's revolutions around sun | 1 year
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| How does the moon move? | It revovles around the Earth and rotates on tis own axis
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| Causes of the phases of the moon? | The positions of the sun, moon, and Earth and how they line up. The moon reflects the sun's light.
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| 8 phases of the moon starting with New Moon | New moon, waxing crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Givous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, Waning Crescent
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| lunar eclipse | Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon.
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| solar eclipse | Moon blocks sunlight from reaching Earth
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| Features of the moon? | Craters- round pits Highlands- mountains Maria- dark, flat areas that used to be flooded with molten rock
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| What are the causes of tides? | Gravity pulls the moom and the earth towards each other.
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| Frequences of tides | Tides occur every 12.5 hours (2/day)
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| Moon Exploration | Apollo 11- Neil Armstrong first person to walk on moon
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| Uses of satellites and space stations | communication, navigation, collecting weather data and research
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| Geocentric Theory | states that Earth is at the center and planets revolve around Earth.
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| Heliocentric Theory | sates that the sun is at the center and planets revolve around sun.
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| Views of Aristotle | Earth was stationary and everything revovled around Earth (geocentric)
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| Views of Ptolemy | Planets moved in little circles that moved in bigger circles around Earth (geocentric)
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| Views of Copernicus | Believed/proposed the heliocentric theory (sun is center and all planets revolve around sun)
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| Galileo's Contributions to Heliocentric Theory | 1.) Saw 4 moons revolving around Jupiter, 2.) Discovered Venus when through phases like our moon
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| inertia | The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight lin or a stationary object ot stay in one place
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| How does the sun get energy? | Nuclear fission- hydrogen atoms join together ot form helium.
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| Layers of sun's atmosphere | photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona
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| Inner Planet Descriptions | small, rocky surfaces, called "terrestrial planets"
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| Name the inner planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars
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| Outer Planet Descriptions | larger, Gas Giants, do not have solid surfaces
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| Name the outer planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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| Comet | Chunks of ice and dust that orbit in an elliptical shape. "Dirty Snowball"
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| Asteroid | tiny "planets" bur too small and numerous to name.
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| Location of Asteroid Belt | Between Mars and Jupiter
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| Meteroid | Chunk of rock or dust that usually coms from a comet or asteroid
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| Meterite | Meteroid that makes it through Earth's atmosphere and stikes Earth's surface
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| Meteor | streak of light in the sky when a meteroid burns up.
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| How long does it take the Moon to complete all 8 phases? | 29.5 days
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| Why does the moon appear white? | it reflects light from the sun
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| Which planet is made up mostly of water? | Earth
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| Which planet is closest to the sun? | Mercury
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| Which planet is furthest from the sun? | Neptune
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| In general what happens to the temperature and the lenght of each plant's year as you move from the sun outward? | The temperature decreases and the length of the "year" (time to revolve around sun) increases
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Created by:
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