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Science 6 Semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Observation | act of identifying details of something/someone |
| Inference | conclusion or opinion that is drawn through reasoning (known or assumed) |
| Prediction | to state or tell about in advance (using special knowledge) |
| Qualitative | observations that help provide specifics using your senses (color, shape, texture, smell) |
| Quantitative | observations that involve numbers or amounts (count, weight, measure) |
| How do you measure a liquid using a Graduated Cylinder? | Make sure you are eye level with the level of liquid and read the measurement on the bottom of the curve (meniscus) |
| How do you measure the volume of an irregular object using a Graduated Cylinder? | Using water displacement. Amt of water with object - Amt of water without object = Volume of Object |
| What system of units to all scientist use to measure and communicate results? | Metric System |
| The basic unit of length | meter(m) |
| Mass | Amount of matter in an object |
| The basic unit of mass | kilogram (kg) |
| Volume | Amount of space an object takes up |
| Steps of the Scientific Method | State the problem, Gather Information, Form a Hypothesis, Test the Hypothesis, Analyze the Data, Form a Conclusion, Repeat the Work |
| Experiments | tests done to prove or disprove hypotheses |
| Control Group | used for comparison |
| Experimental Group | used to test the hypothesis |
| 4 Parts of a Lab | Problem, Procedure, Observation, Conclusion |
| Variable | any factor in an experiment that changes |
| Independent Variable (IV) | factor that is purposely changed (You change it) |
| Dependent Variable (DV) | factor that changes as a result of the purposely changed factor (The experiment changes it) |
| Constant | any factor in an experiment that is not allowed to change |
| Levels of independent variable | ways the experimenter changes the independent variable |
| Number of repeated trials | how many tiems the experimenter tests each level of independent variable |
| Scientific Title Format | The Effect of IV on DV. |
| Hypothesis Format | If how you change the IV, then how you predict the DV will change. |
| Direct Proportion | If IV increases, then DV increases. If IV decreases, the DV decreases. |
| Inverse Proportion | If IV increases, then DV decreases. If IV decreases, then DV increases. |
| graph | diagram that shows the relationship between two variables |
| Line graph | shows continuous data (Amount, size, concentration, age) |
| Bar graph | show discrete data (kind, type, brand, color) |
| rotation | Earth spinning on its axis |
| revolution | The movement of one object around another object |
| ellipse | oval or elongated circle; shape orbit of the planets |
| What causes seasons? | The tilt of the Earth's axis (tilted towards sun = summer, titled away from sun = winter) |
| solstice | Two days each year when sun is overhead at 23.5 degrees South or North. These are either the longest or shortest days of the year |
| equinox | When neither hemisphere is tilted away from the sun and the days and nights are exactly the same length. |
| causes of day and night | Earth's rotation on its axis |
| Length of 1 of Earths' roations | 24 hours (1 day) |
| Lenght of 1 of Earth's revolutions around sun | 1 year |
| How does the moon move? | It revovles around the Earth and rotates on tis own axis |
| Causes of the phases of the moon? | The positions of the sun, moon, and Earth and how they line up. The moon reflects the sun's light. |
| 8 phases of the moon starting with New Moon | New moon, waxing crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Givous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, Waning Crescent |
| lunar eclipse | Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon. |
| solar eclipse | Moon blocks sunlight from reaching Earth |
| Features of the moon? | Craters- round pits Highlands- mountains Maria- dark, flat areas that used to be flooded with molten rock |
| What are the causes of tides? | Gravity pulls the moom and the earth towards each other. |
| Frequences of tides | Tides occur every 12.5 hours (2/day) |
| Moon Exploration | Apollo 11- Neil Armstrong first person to walk on moon |
| Uses of satellites and space stations | communication, navigation, collecting weather data and research |
| Geocentric Theory | states that Earth is at the center and planets revolve around Earth. |
| Heliocentric Theory | sates that the sun is at the center and planets revolve around sun. |
| Views of Aristotle | Earth was stationary and everything revovled around Earth (geocentric) |
| Views of Ptolemy | Planets moved in little circles that moved in bigger circles around Earth (geocentric) |
| Views of Copernicus | Believed/proposed the heliocentric theory (sun is center and all planets revolve around sun) |
| Galileo's Contributions to Heliocentric Theory | 1.) Saw 4 moons revolving around Jupiter, 2.) Discovered Venus when through phases like our moon |
| inertia | The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight lin or a stationary object ot stay in one place |
| How does the sun get energy? | Nuclear fission- hydrogen atoms join together ot form helium. |
| Layers of sun's atmosphere | photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona |
| Inner Planet Descriptions | small, rocky surfaces, called "terrestrial planets" |
| Name the inner planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars |
| Outer Planet Descriptions | larger, Gas Giants, do not have solid surfaces |
| Name the outer planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Comet | Chunks of ice and dust that orbit in an elliptical shape. "Dirty Snowball" |
| Asteroid | tiny "planets" bur too small and numerous to name. |
| Location of Asteroid Belt | Between Mars and Jupiter |
| Meteroid | Chunk of rock or dust that usually coms from a comet or asteroid |
| Meterite | Meteroid that makes it through Earth's atmosphere and stikes Earth's surface |
| Meteor | streak of light in the sky when a meteroid burns up. |
| How long does it take the Moon to complete all 8 phases? | 29.5 days |
| Why does the moon appear white? | it reflects light from the sun |
| Which planet is made up mostly of water? | Earth |
| Which planet is closest to the sun? | Mercury |
| Which planet is furthest from the sun? | Neptune |
| In general what happens to the temperature and the lenght of each plant's year as you move from the sun outward? | The temperature decreases and the length of the "year" (time to revolve around sun) increases |
Created by:
jmebuckley
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