Embryology
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| List the nerve, muscle, and skeletal element derived from the first pharyngeal arch | • Nerve: CNV Trigeminal (the maxillary and mandibular branches)
• Muscle: Mastication (Temporalis, masseter, mylohyoid, Ant. digastric, pterygoids, tensors)
• Skeletal: alishpenoid, incus (maxillary) and malleus, sphenomandibular ligament (mandibular
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| List the nerve, muscle, and skeletal element derived from the second pharyngeal arch | CNVII Facial Nerve. Muscles of facial expression ( stylohyoid, posterior digastricus, stapedius)Skeletal elements: Stapes, styloid process of the temporal bone, lesser horns and upper rim of hyoid bone, stylohyoid ligament.
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| List the nerve, muscle, and skeletal element derived from the third pharyngeal arch | • Nerve: CNIX Glossopharyngeal
• Muscle: Stylopharyngeus.
• Skeletal: Lower rim and greater horns of hyoid bone
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| List the nerve, muscle, and skeletal element derived from the fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches | CNX Vagus Nerve. Cricothyroid, palatal and pharyngeal, and intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Laryngeal cartilages.
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| List the nerve and muscle elements derived from the posterior pharyngeal arches | • Nerve: Spinal accessory nerve: CNXI
• Muscle: Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius
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| List the derivatives of the first pharyngeal pouch | Auditory tube, middle ear, internal tympanic membrane.
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| List the derivatives of the second pharyngeal pouch | Palantine tonsils and tonsillar fossa
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| List the derivatives of the third pharyngeal pouch | Inferior parathyroid gland and thymus
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| Derivatives of the preotic somites and innervation | Muscles around the eye. It's innervated by CN III occulomotor, IV trochlear, and VI abducens.
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| Derivatives of the postotic somites and innervation | Tongue muscles. It's innervated by CN XII Hypoglossal.
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