malaria,nemoodes EX4
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| 6 stages of plasmodium | ring, developing troph, immature schizont, mature schizont, microgametocyte, macrogametocyte
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| Balantidium coli | large, ciliated protozoan; infective-cyst; diagnostic-troph/cyst; bean-shaped macronucleus; cilia- on surface of troph; between walls on cyst
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| Balantidium coli reservoir | pig
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| Balantidim coli lifecycle | ingestion of contaminated food/water; excyst in sm. intestine; trophs to lg intestine to replicate by binary fission; encyst in lumen of lg. intestine to infective mature cyst passed in feces
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| Balantidiasis | worldwide infection of Balantidium coli; asymptomatic - diahrrhea, dysentery, abdominal pain, weight loss
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| Isospora belli | coccidial parasite - AIDS patients; oocyst -infectious/diagnostic; oval transparent, 4 sm. sporozoites surrounded by thick cell wall
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| specimen for Isospora belli and lab prep/stains | fresh feces or duodenal contents from enterotest; direct wet prep; iodine prep; modified acid-fast stain
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| Isospora belli lifecycle | ingestion of infective mature(sporulated) oocyst in contaminated food/water or oral-anal sexual contact; oocyst excysts in sm. intestine to sporozoites; asexual(schizogony) in cells of intestinal mucosa oocysts excreted on stool
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| Isosporiasis | asymptomatic/symptomatic infection of Isospora belli; mild gastroenteritis to severe dysentery
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| Charcot-Leyhen crystals | in Isospora belli -breakdown of eosinophils
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| Cryptosporidium parvum | life-threatening in AIDS patients; oocyst -infectious; seen using iodine/modified acid-fast stain; asexual/sexual reproduction; infection from ingestion of contaminated food/water or person-person specimen-stool
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| Blastocystic hominis | pathogenicity is questionable; vacuolated form -lg. central vacuole filled w/ fluid(90% of cell); 10% contains 2-4 nuclei saline lyse organism- use iodine prep
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| Toxoplasma gondii | tissue protozoan oocyst -infectious 2 troph forms - tachyzoites/bradyzoites crosses placenta
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| Toxoplasma gondii lifecycle | cat-definitive host; mice/rats-intermediate hosts; humans-accidential host; ingestion of infected cat feces (litter box); in human-tachyzoites from ingested cyst, tissue damage/initial infection -->to tissue/organs cysts filled w/ bradyzoites formed
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| Pneumocystis carinii | affects lung tissue of AIDS patients; lifecycle is unknown; troph is mostly seen - ameboid w/ 1 nucleus; histology procedure- Gomori's silver stain - immunofluorecence
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| Babesia microti | resembles plasmodium spp.; invade RBCs; only in ring form; rings-have sm. chromatin dot and scant amt. of cytoplasm
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| Babesia microti infectious stage,vector,host | Sporozoites - infectious; vector-Ixodes scapularis tick; host-white footed mouse/rodent; accidental host-human
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| Ascaris lumbricoides | "Roundworm of man"; creamy-white color,pink tint
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| Ascaris lumbricoides lifecycle | ingestion of infective eggs; larvae from eggs in lg. intestine to blood stream; liver-lung migration; larvae coughed up, swallowed back to intestine; mature to adult worm in sm. intestine; exit via mouth, nose, anus
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| Necator americanus | New World Hookworm; cutting plates
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| Ancylosotma duodenale | Old World Hookworm; cutting teeth
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| Strongyloides stercoralis | Threadworm; direct, indirect, autoinfection
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cjbarnes78
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