Patho 3 Mus/Skel Barry
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| show | A BREAK IN THE CONTINUITY OF A BONE.
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| FRACTURES TYPICALLY OCCUR WHEN: | show 🗑
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| show | YOUNG MALES (15-24 yrs.) AND ADULTS
(65 yrs AND OLDER).
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| FRACTURES IN HEALTHY <BLANK> (TIBIA, CLAVICLE AND LOWER HUMERUS) USUALLY HAPPEN IN YOUNG PERSONS AS A RESULT OF <BLANK>. | show 🗑
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| show | FALSE. FRACTURES OF THE HANDS AND FEET ARE USUALLY CAUSED BY
ACCIDENTS IN THE WORKPLACE.
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| THE INCIDENCE OF FRACTURES OF THE UPPER FEMUR, UPPER HUMERUS, VERTEBRAE AND PELVIS IS HIGHER IN OLDER OR ELDERLY ADULTS AND OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT? | show 🗑
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| WHAT COMMON FRACTURES IN THE ELDERLY ARE OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH OSTEOPOROSIS? | show 🗑
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| THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FRACTURES: | show 🗑
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| show | A BREAK AT THE SITE OF A PRE-EXISTING ABNORMAL CONDITION, BY A FORCE THAT WOULDN’T DO IT TO A NORMAL BONE.
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| EXAMPLES OF CONDITIONS THAT COULD PRECIPITATE A PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE: | show 🗑
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| show | OCCURS IN NORMAL OR ABNORMAL BONE SUBJECTED TO REPEATED STRESS (ATHLETIC EVENTS). THE STRESS IS LESS THAN THE ONE USUALLY CAUSING THE FRACTURE.
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| show | FATIGUE, INSUFFICIENCY.
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| DEFINE FATIGUE FRACTURE: | show 🗑
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| DEFINE INSUFFICIENCY FRACTURE: | show 🗑
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| show | FRAGMENTATION AND SEPARATION OF A PORTION OF THE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE THAT COVERS THE END OF A BONE AT A JOINT (HEAD OF THE FEMUR, ANKLE, PATELLA, ELBOW, WRIST).
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| ANOTHER WORD FOR TRANSCHONDRAL FRACTURE? | show 🗑
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| show | THE BONE IS BROKEN ALL THE WAY THROUGH.
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| INCOMPLETE: | show 🗑
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| show | THE SKIN IS BROKEN.
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| CLOSED: | show 🗑
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| show | BONE BREAKS INTO TWO OR MORE FRAGMENTS.
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| LINEAR: | show 🗑
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| show | 45 DEGREE ANGLE TO THE SHAFT OF THE BONE.
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| SPIRAL: | show 🗑
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| TRANSVERSE: | show 🗑
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| show | GREENSTICK, TORUS, BOWING.
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| GREENSTICK (A TYPE OF INCOMPLETE FRACTURE): | show 🗑
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| TORUS (A TYPE OF INCOMPLETE FRACTURE): | show 🗑
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| show | LONGITUDINAL FORCE APPLIED. COMMON IN RADIUS-ULNA AND TIBIA FIBULA. ONE BONE SUFFERS COMPLETE FRACTURE AND THE OTHER BOWS.
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| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF FRACTURE INCLUDE: | show 🗑
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| FRACTURE TREATMENT INVOLVES | show 🗑
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| show | REALIGNING THE BONE FRAGMENTS CLOSE TO THEIR ANATOMICAL POSITION, WHICH SOMETIMES MUST BE OPEN (SURGICAL)
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| WHAT IS IMMOBILIZATION? | show 🗑
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| show | A GROUP OF DISEASES AFFECTING THE JOINTS.
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| HOW ARE ARTHROPATHIES CATEGORIZED? | show 🗑
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| show | NO SYNOVIAL MEMB.
INFLAMMATION, SYSTEMIC SIGNS AND
SYMPT. OR ABNORMAL SYNOVIAL FLUID.
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| INFLAMMATORY ARTHROPATHIES (ARTHRITIS): | show 🗑
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| WHAT IS THE MOST PREVALENT NON-INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASE? | show 🗑
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| OSTEOARTHRITIS (DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE) IS THE MOST PREVALENT NON-INFLAMMATORY JOINT DIS. CHARACTERIZED BY: | show 🗑
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| show | SECONDARY.
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| WHAT ARE CONDITIONS THAT CAUSE SECONDARY OSTEOARTHRITIS? | show 🗑
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| THE <BLANK> OR <BLANK> TYPE OF OA IS NOT ASSOCIATED TO ANY OF THESE RISK FACTORS AND IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF NON-INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASE.. | show 🗑
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| THE PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ARE THE SAME FOR BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OA AND INCLUDE: | show 🗑
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| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF OA INCLUDE: | show 🗑
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| show | CLINICAL EXAM, SIMPLE BONE X-RAY, CAT-SCAN, MRI AND ARTHROSCOPY.
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| CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT FOR OA: | show 🗑
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| show | USED TO IMPROVE JOINT MOV., CORRECT DEFORMITY OR CREATE A NEW JOINT WITH ARTIFICIAL IMPLANTS.
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| show | --INFLAMMATORY DAMAGE OR
DESTRUCTION IN THE SYNOVIAL
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE OR MEMB.
--SYSTEMIC SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION
(FEVER, LEUKOCYTOSIS, ANOREXIA).
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| show | THROUGH A TRAUMATIC OR SURGICAL WOUND, CONTAMINATED NEEDLE OR BLOODSTREAM (FROM SEPTIC FOCI).
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| INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASE CAN BE NON-INFECTIOUS (MOST COMMON) RESULTING FROM... | show 🗑
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| show | FALSE. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IS A SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE WHICH CAUSES CHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF
CONNECTIVE TISSUE, PRIMARILY IN THE JOINTS.
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| show | FINGERS, FEET, WRISTS, ELBOWS, ANKLES AND KNEES.
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| show | LOSS OF FUNCTION.
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| show | WOMEN.
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| show | FEVER, FATIGUE, WEAKNESS, ANOREXIA, WEIGHT LOSS AND GENERALIZED ACHING AND STIFFNESS AS WELL AS PAINFUL, TENDER AND STIFF JOINTS, GRADUALLY LEADING TO DEFORMITY WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS.
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| RA DIAGNOSIS IS ESTABLISHED BY: | show 🗑
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| show | CONSERVATIVE: REST, HOT AND COLD PACKS, CORTICOSTEROIDS, PHYSICAL THERAPY, ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (ORALLY OR INJECTED INTO THE JOINT), SURGICAL.
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| show | DEGENERATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS.
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| THE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES ARE THE MOST PREVALENT OF THE MUSCULAR DISEASES IN CHILDHOOD AND ARE CHARACTERIZED BY: | show 🗑
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| FIVE MAIN TYPES OF MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES: | show 🗑
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| show | ABOUT THE SAME FOR ALL TYPES.
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| show | NECROSIS AND PHAGOCYTOSIS OF MUSC. CELLS AND EARLY FRAGMENTATION AND DISSOLUTION OF MYOFILAMENTS.
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| WHAT HAPPENS TO MUSCLE FIBERS IN MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES? | show 🗑
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| show | THE INVOLVED MUSCLE FIBERS ARE RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED, WITH NO DISTINCT PATTERN.
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| show | DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY.
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| DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY IS THE MOST COMMON OF THE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES, DESCRIBED AS A... | show 🗑
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| CLASSIC DUCHENNE OCCURS ONLY IN <BLANK>, WITH HALF THE CASES SHOWING <BLANK> INHERITANCE. | show 🗑
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| show | DYSTROPHIN.
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| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY? | show 🗑
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| show | SITTING, STANDING AND WALKING ARE DELAYED AND THE CHILD IS CLUMSY, FALLS FREQUENTLY AND HAS PROBLEMS CLIMBING STAIRS.
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| IN DUCHENNES MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, WEAKNESS ALWAYS BEGINS IN THE... | show 🗑
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| IN DUCHENNES MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, <BLANK> IS EVIDENCED IN 80 PERCENT OF THE CASES. | show 🗑
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| IN DUCHENNES MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, CONTRACTURES AND WASTING OF MUSCLES CONTRIBUTE TO... | show 🗑
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| show | -PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS
-CARDIAC FAILURE
-MENTAL RETARDATION
-SMOOTH MUSC. DYSFUNCTION
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| show | 50 PERCENT OF CHILDREN WITH CARDIAC FAILURE; SOME CARDIAC INVOLVEMENT IN UP TO 95 PERCENT OF THE CHILDREN.
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| show | MEGACOLON, VOLVULUS, MALABSORPTION SYND. AND CRAMPING PAIN IN THE GI TRACT.
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| show | -ELECTROMYOGRAPHY (EMG),
-MEASUREMENT OF SERUM ENZYMES (CPK INCREASED MORE THAN 10 TIMES)
-MUSCLE BIOPSY.
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| show | CREATINE PHOSPHOKINASE.
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| show | THERE’S NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR THE DISEASE AND MAINTAINING FUNCTION IN UNAFFECTED MUSC. GROUPS FOR AS LONG AS POSSIBLE IS THE MAIN GOAL.
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| show | ONLY 25% OF AFFECTED CHILDREN REACH THE AGE OF 21 YEARS, WITH
DEATH USUALLY RESULTING FROM
RESP. OR CARDIAC MUSCLE WEAKNESS.
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