Feeding Characteristics with Normal Development
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| Circulatory jaw rotations | 24-36
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| Lip closure with chewing | 24-36
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| One handed cup holding with open cup | 24-36
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| Fills spoon with use of fingers | 24-36
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| Solids | 24-36
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| Total self-feeding (uses fork) | 24-36
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| No tongue protrusion noted with any consistency or utensil | 24-36
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| Mature chewing and drinking skills | 24-36
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| Swallows with lip closure | 15-18
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| Self-feeding predominates although immature | 15-18
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| Swallows chewable foods with no loss of food or saliva – no tongue protrusion | 15-18
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| Rotary chewing with solids | 15-18
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| No loss of saliva or food | 15-18
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| Independent food intake with mature chewing and drinking skills with immature self feeding | 15-18
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| Coarsely chopped table foods | 15-18
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| Lip, tongue, and jaw movements are independent of one another | 12-15
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| Controlled bite is present on a hard cookie/cracker | 12-15
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| Rotary chew develops with lateral and vertical jaw movements | 12-15
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| Chewing occurs with mouth open | 12-15
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| All textures taken | 12-15
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| Straw drinking | 12-15
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| Tastes/preferences for food are developing | 12-15
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| Cup drinking is well controlled with no choking or pausing | 12-15
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| Whole milk can be given at | 12-15
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| Child begins to self feed | 12-15
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| An increase in ability to eat mixed textures (spaghetti, finely ground meat, and fruit yogurts) closer to 15 months of age | 12-15
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| Both lips are active in removal of food from spoon | 9-12
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| Cup drinking occurs with successive swallows (no pause) with some liquid loss | 9-12
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| Self finger feeding (takes ground, mashed, or chopped foods with small lumps) | 9-12
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| Controlled sustained bite on soft cookie | 9-12
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| Tongue tip elevates and emerging lateral tongue movements are separate from jaw movements | 9-12
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| Emerging lateral and diagonal jaw movements | 9-12
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| Drinking from a cup with less liquid loss but still may occasionally cough if liquid flows to fast | 9-12
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| Chews with up and down and diagonal rotary movements | 9-12
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| Weaning from nipple as cup drinking skills increase | 9-12
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| Continue with formula or breast milk, cheese/yogurt, grains, fruit, vegetables, meats offered | 9-12
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| Begins to ingest a variety smooth pureed to lumpy pureed consistencies | 6-9
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| Upper lip helps to remove food from the spoon | 6-9
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| Tongue can collect food and place on gums for chewing | 6-9
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| Coordinated lip, tongue, and jaw movements in all positions | 6-9
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| Chewing reflexes begin | 6-9
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| Cup drinking has suck and suckling patterns but still immature | 6-9
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| Gag reflex becomes protective | 6-9
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| Mouth used for investigation of environment | 6-9
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| Lips begin to show active movement | 4-6
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| Suckling disappears and active suck appears | 4-6
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| No liquid is lost from sucking | 4-6
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| Tongue movement accompanies jaw movement and shows an extension-retraction pattern | 4-6
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| Intake is 6-8 oz. per feeding every 4-6 hours | 4-6
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| Pureed foods are introduced at 6 months | 4-6
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| Gags on new textures | 4-6
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| Introduce cup drinking at 6 months (much of liquid is lost though and majority of liquid intake is still by bottle) | 4-6
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| Wide jaw excursions are noted with cup drinking introduction | 4-6
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| Increased active oral exploration | 4-6
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| Rooting reflex and automatic bite reflex are gone | 4-6
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| Tongue protrusion reflex is integrated | 4-6
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| Rhythmical suckle/sucking on nipple (suckling is the extension and retraction movement of the tongue and sucking is characterized by the tongue raising and lowering in the mouth for a stronger pumping motion) | 0-3
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| Nasal respiration's | 0-3
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| Rooting reflex present | 0-3
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| Incomplete lip closure | 0-3
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| Anterior-posterior movement of tongue | 0-3
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| Active lip movement with sucking | 0-3
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| Only taking breast milk or formula for nutrition | 0-3
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| Mature suck pattern of good coordination between breathing, swallowing, and sucking | 0-3
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| See burst of 20-30 sucks before pausing (pausing is typically secondary to interaction with caregiver, burping etc. vs. pausing to breathe) | 0-3
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| Tongue protrusion is apparent if pureed food given | 0-3
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| Will take 2-8 ounces per feeding depending on weight and age | 0-3
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