Meiosis - CSCC
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| In 1882, Pierre-Joseph van Beneden, was surprised to find the same number of chromosomes in all cells of the roundworm Ascaris. A) True B) False | False
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| A ________ cell contains two versions of each chromosome. | diploid
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| An organism reproduces either sexually or asexually but not both.A) True B) False | False
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| In the sexual life cycle, there is an alternation of diploid and haploid phases. A) True B) False | True
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| _____________ cells are genetically identical to the zygote from which they originated. A) Somatic B) Germ-line C) Body D) All of the above | D) All of the above
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| In animals, the completion of meiosis is followed soon by | fertilization
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| Before the beginning of either meiosis or mitosis, the chromosomes have replicated during | Interphase
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| During ___________, the homologous chromosomes line up side by side, physically touching one another at which point crossing over is initiated. | prophase I
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| During ____________, the random orientation of the chromosomes results in a shuffling of the chromosomes so that each daughter cell that results has a different combination of parental chromosomes. | metaphase I
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| Meiosis II is simply a mitotic division involving the products of meiosis I, except that the sister chromatids are not genetically identical as they are in mitosis. A) True B) False | true
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| At the end of meiosis II, each of the haploid cells contains ________ of every chromosome in the set. | one
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| __________________ draws homologous chromosomes together all along their lengths creating an opportunity where two homologues can physically exchange portions of themselves. | Synapsis
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| Reduction division produces diploid gametes thus ensuring that the chromosome number remains the same as the parents, following fertilization. A) True B) False | False
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| Both mitosis and meiosis start with a diploid cell but the end result is haploid cells in meiosis and diploid cells in mitosis. A) True B) False | True
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| In most respects, ____________ is identical to a normal mitotic division | the second meiotic division
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| Sexual reproduction increases genetic variability through A) independent assortment B) crossing over C) random fertilization D) all of the above | D) all of the above
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| In humans there are more than 8 million different possible kinds of gametes that can be produced. A) True B) False | True
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| Reproduction that involves the alternation of meiosis and fertilization is called asexual reproduction. A) True B) False | False
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| Organisms that reproduce by mitotic division are practicing sexual reproduction. A) True B) False | False
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| An egg and a sperm unite to form a new organism. In order to prevent the new organism from having twice as many chromosomes as its parents | germ cells went through meiosis; the egg and sperm only have half the parental chromosomes.
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| The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is 46. The haploid number is | 23
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| In organisms that have sexual life cycles there is a time when there are | 1n gametes (haploid), followed by 2n zygotes (diploid).
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| The purpose of meiosis I is to | randomly separate the homologous pairs, called independent assortment.
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| The purpose of meiosis II is to | separate the duplicated sister chromatids.
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| During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur? | prophase I
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| Synapsis is the process whereby | homologous chromosomes become closely associated.
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| The purpose of mitosis is to ____, while the purpose of meiosis is to _____. | make diploid cells/make haploid cells
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| A major consequence of sex and meiosis is that each species | has a lot of genetic reassortment due to what can happen in meiosis I.
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| Genetic diversity is greatest in | sexual reproduction
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| The main outcome of the four stages of meiosis II---prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II-is to separate | sister chromatids
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