my cobacterium
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | -obligate anaerobes 5-10% CO2
-slow growing 2-6 weeks
-non spore-forming, non motile
-slender, slightly curved or straight rods
*high lipid content on cell wall so they are acid fast
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| show | based on growth rate, colony morphology, incubation temperature, and biochemical reaction
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| How should expectorated sputum be collected and handled? | show 🗑
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| show | Aerosol induced sputum
• NaCl mist-nebulizer. This is done by respiratory therapy
• Early morning specimen is best
• Advantages:
1. Fewer contaminates
2. Faster growing
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| How should gastric lavage be collected and handled? | show 🗑
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| How should urine be collected and handled? | show 🗑
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| show | Stool
1. Naturally passed
2. 3-5 consecutive days
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| How should Blood be collected? | show 🗑
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| show | Tissue Specimen
1. Grind
2. Incubate cutaneous tissue cultures at 35oC and 30oC
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| How should sterile body fluid be collected and handled? | show 🗑
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| show | Digestion:
• breaks up mucous and cells in specimen to liberate A.F.B.
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| show | • Kills normal flora and contaminating bacteria without
harming A.F.B.
• Use strong acidic or alkaline solutions - the lipid content of
A.F.B. cell walls protects them from extremes of pH
• Decontamination increases the chances of recovering
A.F.B.
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| show | NaOH 4% is the "traditional“ method to digest and decontaminate • Time carefully; needs to stand for 15 minutes
• Neutralize sediments (phenol red indicator • 5% Oxalic acid - useful to decontaminate specimen contaminated with Pseudomonas (CF patients)
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| show | NALC-NaOH 2% "gold standard“
• N-acetyl-L-cysteine is the mucolytic agent
• NaOH 2% is the decontaminant
• Neutralize with phosphate buffer
• If after using the NALC method a specimen is still viscous
a small amount of crystalline NACL can be added
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| show | • Cell walls have high lipid content enabling A.F.B. to retain
stain when decolorized with acid alcohol
• Stain morphology - slender, curved, pointed and beaded
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| What is the procedure to stain AFB using carbolfuchsin | show 🗑
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| show | Fluorochrome dye
a) Primary stains:
1. Auramine
2. Rhodamine
b) Decolorizer: acid alcohol
c) Counter stain: potassium permanganate
d) Screen slides using fluorescent scope on 25 or 40 objective
e) A.F.B. will stain yellow against black background
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| show | 1. More fields scanned in less time
2. Yield higher number of positive stains
3. Questionable smears can be overlaid using Carbolfuchsin
method
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| show | Dead mycobacteria will stain with fluorochrome method
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| Why are Stain results important? | show 🗑
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| What are Non-selective mycobacteria media? | show 🗑
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| What are broth media used for mycobacteria? | show 🗑
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| What is used to interpret cultures? | show 🗑
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| Preliminary identification made based on what? | show 🗑
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| Name some mycobacteria and their optimal growth temperatures | show 🗑
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| What are the different type of photo reactivity? | show 🗑
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| show | ■ an LJ slant with >50 colonies that are 3 weeks old need to
be tested for niacin.
■ If niacin is present a yellow color will develop.
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| show | Test if bacteria conduct nitrate reduction, if they have the gene for the nitrate reductase enzyme. Red is positive for nitrite.
1: nitrate reduction to nitrite
2: nitrate reduction to ammonia
3: no reduction of nitrate
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lemon8
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