Carbon Cycle LS2-5
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| Acidification | The process of increasing the acidity of a substance or environment, often referring to the ocean's pH level decreasing due to the absorption of carbon dioxide.
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| Atmosphere | The gaseous layer surrounding a planet, such as Earth, that is held in place by gravity.
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| Autotroph | An organism that can produce its own food using energy from sunlight or inorganic substances. Examples include plants and algae.
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| Biomass | The total mass of living organisms in a given area or ecosystem, often referring to plant material that can be used as a renewable energy source.
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| Biosphere | The regions of the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere where living organisms exist.
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| Carbon cycle | The continuous movement of carbon through Earth's atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere, involving processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.
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| Carbon dioxide (CO2) | Inorganic carbon form found in the atmosphere
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| Carbon fixation | The process by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic compounds by autotrophic organisms during photosynthesis.
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| Carbon reservoir | A place or medium that stores carbon, such as the atmosphere, oceans, or fossil fuels.
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| Carbon sink | A natural or artificial reservoir that absorbs and stores more carbon than it releases, helping to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
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| Chloroplast | A specialized organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place, containing chlorophyll and other pigments.
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| Climate change | Long-term shifts in temperature, precipitation patterns, and other aspects of the Earth's climate system, primarily caused by human activities.
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| Combustion | The process of burning a fuel, releasing heat, light, and various combustion products, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor.
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| Consumers | Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter. They are also known as heterotrophs and include animals and fungi.
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| Decomposition | The breakdown of organic matter into simpler forms, usually carried out by bacteria, fungi, and other decomposers.
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| Energy | The capacity to do work or produce heat.
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| Fossil fuel | A natural fuel formed from the remains of living organisms, such as coal, oil, or natural gas.
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| Geosphere | The solid part of the Earth, including the rocks, minerals, and landforms.
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| Glucose/sugar | Organic carbon that is created through photosynthesis
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| Greenhouse gas | A gas that traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect.
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| Heterotroph | An organism that obtains its energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter.
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| Hydrocarbons | Organic compounds composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, commonly found in fossil fuels.
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| Hydrosphere | The water on or near the Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and groundwater.
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| Methane | A greenhouse gas and the main component of natural gas.
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| Microbes | Microscopic organisms, such as bacteria or viruses.
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| Mitochondrion | An organelle in cells that generates energy through cellular respiration.
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| Molecule | A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest unit of a chemical compound.
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| Ocean uptake | The process by which the ocean absorbs or takes in substances, such as gasses or nutrients.
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| Organic matter | Material derived from living organisms, often found in soil or as decaying plant and animal remains.
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| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy, producing oxygen and glucose.
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| Phytoplankton | Microscopic aquatic organisms, such as algae, that carry out photosynthesis and form the base of the food chain in aquatic ecosystems.
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| Producers | Organisms, including plants and algae, that can produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
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| Reaction | A process that involves a chemical change or transformation, often resulting in the formation of new substances.
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| Respiration | The process by which organisms convert oxygen and glucose into carbon dioxide, water, and energy, typically through cellular respiration.
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| Sedimentation | The settling or deposition of particles, such as mud, sand, or silt, in a liquid or on a surface.
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| Transpiration | The process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.
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