Identify the Class and Use of Common Pre-op Drugs
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| Midazolam (Versed) | Benzodiazepine - preoperative sedation/anxiolysis/amnesia
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| Diazepam (Valium) | Benzodiazepine - preoperative sedation, conscious sedation (provides light anesthesia and retorgrade amnesia)
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| lorazepam (Ativan) | Benzodiazepine - preoperative sedation, decrease preoperative anxiety and provide amnesia
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| Morphine | Opioid - Relieve discomfort during preoperative procedures
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| meperidine (Demoral) | Opioid - Relieve discomfort during preoperative procedures
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| fentanyl (Sublimaze) | Opioid - Relieve discomfort during preoperative procedures
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| cimetidine (Tagament) | H2 receptor blockers - Decrease HCL acid secretion, Increase gastric PH, Decrease gastric volume
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| famotidine (Pepcid) | H2 receptor blockers - H2 receptor blockers - Decrease HCL acid secretion, Increase gastric PH, Decrease gastric volume
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| ranitidine (Zantac) | H2 receptor blockers - H2 receptor blockers - Decrease HCL acid secretion, Increase gastric PH, Decrease gastric volume
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| metoclopramide (Reglan) | Antiemetics - Increase gastric emptying, decrease N&V, prevent N&V
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| droperidol (Inapsine) | antiemetic - Increase gastric emptying, decrease N&V, prevent N&V
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| ondansetron (Zofran) | antiemetic - Increase gastric emptying, decrease N&V, prevent N&V
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| Atropine | Anticholinergics - Decrease oral and respiratory secretions; prevent bradycardia
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| glycopyrrolate (Robinul) | Anticholinergics - Decrease oral and respiratory secretions; prevent bradycardia
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| scopolamine | anticholinergics - produce amnesia, decrease salivation and respiratory secretions
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| What drug classes are used for preoperatively for their sedative and amnesic properties? | Benzodiazepines and barbiturates
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| What drug class decreases secretions? | Anticholinergic
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| What drug class decreases nausea and vomiting? | antiemetics
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| What may be given prophylacticly to prevent cardiac endocarditis? | Antibiotics
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| Which patients may need prophylactic antibiotics before surgery? | those with a history of congenital, rheumatic, or valvular heart disease or patient's surgery puts them at increased risk for infection (GI surgery) or wound infection would pose serious consequences (cardiac, joint replacement)
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| What kind of surgery often require preoperative eye drops every 5 minutes? | Eye surgery
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| When should patient's be given preoperative oral meds? | 60-90 minutes before OR unless otherwise ordered - just a little water for swallowing if fluid restricted
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| When are preoperative IM or SC meds given? | 30 - 60 minutes before OR (minimally 20 minutes)
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| When are IV medications given to the preoperative patient? | Usually after arrival in the preoperative holding area or operating room
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| What should we tell patients about the preoperative meds? | What effects to expect: drowsiness, dry mouth, relaxation ect
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| Name 2 preoperative drug types that might be used for sedative and amnesic properties. | benzodiazepines and barbiturates
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| What kind of preoperative medication is used to decrease anesthesia requirements and decrease pain? | Opioids
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| What kind of preoperative drugs are used to decrease secretions? | anticholinergics
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| What kind of drugs are used to decrease nausea and vomiting? | antiemetics
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| Name three other types of drugs that may be given preoperatively. | Antiboitics, eyedrops, and the patient's routine medications
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