Medical History + Physical Exam (Ch # 10)
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| Deformities | Abnormal shape to a body part, often from a broken bone
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| Contusions | Bruising or bleeding under the skin
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| Abrasions | Scrapes to the skin that rub off the top layers of the skin
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| Penetrations | Open wounds, gunshot or stablike wounds to the skin
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| Burns | Burning or blistering of the skin from heat, electrical current, or chemical exposure
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| Movement of a flail chest in which the chest wall moves in on inspiration and out on expiration | Paradoxical Movement
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| Lacerations | Cuts or open wounds into the skin
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| Sweelling | increase in size as a result of bleeding or fluids under or into the skin
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| Rapid Trauma Assessment | A rapid, orderly, head to toe assessment of a trauma patient. Provide RTA to the pt. with significant mechanism of injury, Altered level of consciousness, head/chest/abdomin traumas, unstable respiratory/pulse rates, shock.
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| Aspects of RTA | Rapid Trauma Assessment includes: inspection, palpation, auscultation
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| An assessment technique that involves listening to sounds inside the body with a steethoscope | Auscultation
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| A mnemonic assessment tool used to determine a person's mental status | AVPU. A-alert/orinted, V-verbal, P-painful, U-unresponsive. AVPU - is a mnemonic assessment tool used to determine a person's mental status.
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| Crepitus | A crunching or grating sound heard when broken bone ends rub together
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| A mnemonic used to identify injury to the body. | DCAPBTLS. D-deformities, C-contusions, A-abrasions, P-penetrations, B-burns, T-tenderness, L-lacerations, S-swelling
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| Distal pulses | Pulses taken at a point farther from the midline of the body, such as the pedal or radial pulse
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| Focused history | Information obtained from a patient regarding the person's medical history
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| An assessment technique that involves looking for injuries or problems | Inspection
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| Enlargement of the jugular veins on the sides of the neck | Jugular vein distention (JVD)
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| Palpation | An assessment technique that involves feeling for injuries during the patient assessment
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| Unequal movement of the chest wall may indicate rib fractures and may make breathing difficult for the patient | Paradoxical Movement
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| The ability to feel | Sensation
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| Tenderness | Complaints of pain caused by an injury. Tenderness cannot be seen, it is indicated by the patient
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| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale- used for assess mental status. It includes AVPU (alert, verbal, painful, unresponsive)
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| Subcutaneous Emphysema | It is Crepitus or crackling feeling under the skin caused by air leakage
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| Guarding | Tensing of the muscles or other body parts to protect an area. Also, indicate of internal damage.
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| Assess of respirations includes | Rate, Quality, Pattern
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| Assess of pulse includes | Rate, Quality, rthythm
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| SAMPLE history includes | SAMPLE. S-signs and symptoms, A-allergies, M-medications, P-past medical history, L-last oral intake, E-events preceding
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| Difference between GCS and Vital Signs | GCS - documentation of the GCS score helps determine the patient's neurologic status and continued progress. Vital Signs - only determine the patient's response
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| Pneumatic Antishock Garment (PASG) | A patient who has palvic fractures and symptoms of shock
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| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. It makes breathing more difficult for the patient.
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| Focused Trauma Assessment | FTA - using when a patient has an isolated injury without signs or symptoms of it, or alter in mental status, or mechanism of injury
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