Protists
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| show | Protists were the first eukaryotes to evolve.
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| show | The loss of a rigid cell wall, allowing membranes to fold inward
An increase in membrane flexibility, allowing for one cell to engulf another
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| Infoldings of the prokaryotic plasma membrane are thought to have given rise to the eukaryotic endomembrane system that includes which of the following? | show 🗑
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| show | mitochondria
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| show | A photosynthetic bacterium
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| show | Protists
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| The loss of the rigid cell wall and an increase in membrane flexibility were key evolutionary events that likely led to the evolution of | show 🗑
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| The nucleus and the ER of eukaryotes are thought to have evolved | show 🗑
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| How did mitochondria originate, according to the endosymbiotic theory? | show 🗑
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| Scientists hypothesize that photosynthetic bacteria were engulfed by other, larger cells and eventually evolved to become the organelles we now call | show 🗑
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| show | A single, circular, closed molecule of DNA, similar to that in bacteria
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| Structures used by protists for locomotion. | show 🗑
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| show | sexual and asexual
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| show | multiple times
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| show | bacteria or prokaryotes
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| Which of the following best describes reproduction among protists? | show 🗑
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| show | Parabasalids and diplomonads have multiple flagella while euglenozoans have unique flagella.
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| show | colonies
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| show | A single, circular, closed molecule of DNA, similar to that in bacteria
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| show | pseudopods
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| show | Locomotion
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| show | They move using flagella.
Many possess a feeding groove.
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| show | Eukaryotic cells began living in colonies, and individual members began to assume different duties making the colony act as one individual.
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| show | contractile and osmotic
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| What is the function of the undulating membranes in parabasalids? | show 🗑
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| Among euglenozoa, the kinetoplastids are a second major group that are unique because they have | show 🗑
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| show | One long flagellum and one short flagellum that is located within the reservoir
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| The presence of fine hairs on their flagella distinguish this branch of supergroup Chromalveolata from other branches. | show 🗑
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| show | a single mitochondrion
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| show | Alveolates
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| show | A single-celled photosynthetic red alga
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| Diatoms are photosynthetic, _____ organisms with unique double shells made of silica. | show 🗑
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| show | Photosynthetic
Two flagella
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| In the SAR clade that includes the dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates, a common trait is the presence of flattened vesicles below the plasma membrane called | show 🗑
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| Photosynthetic stramenopile protists in the phylum Chrysophyta with double silicate shells are commonly called | show 🗑
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| show | dinoflagellates
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| Which of the following statements about dinoflagellates are true? | show 🗑
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| You are designing an artificial drug-delivery "cell" that can penetrate animal cells. Which of these protist structures should provide the most likely avenue for research along these lines? | show 🗑
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| show | micronucleus
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| show | Dinoflagellates
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| show | Invade a host
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| show | The macronucleus
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| In ciliates, sexual reproduction involves the process of ___ , during which two individual cells are attached for up to several hours. | show 🗑
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| Red and green algae acquired their chloroplasts through the process of ____ endosymbiosis whereas the brown algae acquired their chloroplasts through ____ endosymbiosis | show 🗑
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| show | dinoflagellates
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| The archaeplastid group that shares a common ancestor with the land plants is | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Two cells
2. The two partners exchange
3. In each partner
4. The macronucleus disintegrates.
5. The new diploid micronucleus
6. One of the two diploid micronuclei
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| show | Green algae
Red algae
Glaucophytes
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| Which of the following protist groups is most closely related to the land plants? | show 🗑
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| show | The macronucleus
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| Red algae are grouped in the phylum | show 🗑
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| During conjugation in ciliates, each of the two partners receives a pair of haploid ____ from the other partner | show 🗑
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| Chlorophytes and charophytes are two lineages of which type of protist? | show 🗑
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| Members of the phylum Rhodophyta are also known as | show 🗑
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| show | Haplodiplontic cycles are found in some multicellular chlorophytes, like Ulva.
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| show | Chlorophytes
Charophytes
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| show | engulf food
move
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| Evidence suggests that members of the Opisthokonta, called ____, are similar to the most likely common ancestor of all animals. | show 🗑
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| Ulva, a multicellular chlorophyte, has identical ____ and ____ generations that consist of flattened sheets 2 cells thick. | show 🗑
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| Pseudopods are flowing projections of ____ that are used by many protists for locomotion. | show 🗑
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| show | Opisthokonta
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| show | Choanoflagellates
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| The flagellum of choanoflagellates is surrounded by a funnel-shaped contractile ____ composed of closely placed ____ | show 🗑
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| The supergroup Opisthokonta includes which of the following? | show 🗑
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| What structure of the choanoflagellates is closely matched in the sponges? | show 🗑
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| show | flagellum
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