A+ Class
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| List 4 Primary Categories or main components of Personal Computer Components | 1. System Unit 2. Display Devices 3. Input Devices 4. External Devices
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| Main Component of a personal computer | System Unit (referred to as boxes, main units, or base units)
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| Component that enables users to view the text and graphical data output from a computer | Display device
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| Display device terms | 1. Display 2. monitor 3. Screen 4. CRT 5. LCD 6. Flat-Panel
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| Component that enables users to enter data or instructions into a computer | Input Device (Keyboard, mouse)
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| External devices are often called | Peripheral Devices
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| External devices are connected to the system unit via | cable or wireless connection
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| Power source for external devices | some have their own power source and some draw power from the system
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| Which computer components are part of the system unit? A. Chassis B. Monitor C. Internal Hard Drive D. Portable USB drive E. Memory | A. Chassis C. Internal Hard Drive E. Memory
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| External device that provides audio output | Speaker
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| External device that provides text and graphical output | Printer
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| External devices are often called | Peripheral Devices
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| External devices are connected to the system unit via | cable or wireless connection
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| Power source for external devices | some have their own power source and some draw power from the system
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| Which computer components are part of the system unit? A. Chassis B. Monitor C. Internal Hard Drive D. Portable USB drive E. Memory | A. Chassis C. Internal Hard Drive E. Memory
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| External device that provides audio output | Speaker
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| External device that provides text and graphical output | Printer
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| External device that provides additional data storage | External drive
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| External device that provides audio input | Microphone
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| External device that provides graphical input | Scanner
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| Components are directly soldered on | System Board or Motherboard
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| A large, flat circuit board with chips and other electrical components on it | System Board or Motherboard
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| Personal computer component that acts as the backbone for the entire computer system | System Board or Motherboard
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| Most System Boards include only | Standard features that most users want
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| Common System Board I/O Interfaces | 1. Sound 2. Video 3. USB 4. Serial 5. FireWire 6. Parallel 7. Network interface card (NIC) 8. Modem 9. PS/2
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| CPU | Central Processing Unit
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| Is where most of the calculations take place the brains of the computer | CPU
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| CPU also called | microprocessor or processor
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| A single microprocessor module that is installed on the system board in a slot or socket | CPU
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| What is Duo core and quad core processors? | they are processors that are engineered to include two or more cores onto a single chip
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| Why build processors with two or more individual processors? | They can share the workload more efficiently than a single processor
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| Is the component that provides the temporary workspace for the processor | MEMORY
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| Contains millions of transistors etched on a sliver of a semiconductor | Memory chip
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| Transistors are nothing more than switches that can be | opened or closed
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| When a transistor is closed it? | Conducts electricity and represents the binary number 1
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| When the transistor is open it? | Does not conduct electricity and represents the binary number 0
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| Constant source of electricity to keep track of the data stored in it | Volatile Memory (an example of volatile memory is RAM)
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| Retains the information stored on it whether or not electrical current is available | Non-Volatile Memory (an example of non-volatile memory is ROM)
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| A group of wires that connect components | Bus
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| Is the wires, or traces, on the motherboard that provide the main communication path between the CPU and memory | System Bus
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| Enables data transfer between the CPU Memory and the other buses in the computer | System Bus
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| The System bus is also referred to as the | frontside bus or local bus
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| The basic function of a bus is to enable data transfer between individual components at a speed that is appropriate for each component | the system bus (also called frontside bus, backside bus, the memory bus, the processor bus, or the address bus) regardless of terminology the basic function is the same
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| A component, such as a hard drive, that enables users to save data for reuse at a later time, even after the personal computers is shut down and restarted | Storage Device
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| They save data magnetically, optically, or electronically depending on design | Storage Devices
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| Single Channel vs. Dual Channel Architecture | refers to the capability of a systems board’s system bus to access multiple memory modules either in series or parallel.
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| Single Channel Architecture | Memory modules can be installed in a wide variety of configurations on the system board, and are accessed in series
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| Dual Channel Architecture | compatible system boards require pairs of memory modules be installed in color-coded memory slots and are accessed by the system bus in parallel, in order to double the data transfer rate
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| An internal computer component that converts line voltage AC power from and electrical outlet to the low-voltage DC power needed by system components | Power Supply
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| Required for system components to receive power | Power Supply
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| Contains the power cord plug and a fan for cooling | Power Supply
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| PSU | Another name for the power supply (Power Supply Unit)
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| Which of the following ar DC voltages provided by an ATX power supply? | +/- 12 Volts, +/-5 Volts, +3.3 Volts
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| What is the throughput of an AGP 8x video card? | 2.1 GBps
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| What are the two basic types of partitions? | Primary and extended
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| The basic unit of measurement of capacitator is___________. | Farads
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| Which of the following processors use socket 370? | Intel Pentium III, Intel Celeron
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| Choose the best statement that describes that stage in printing when an image is made permanent on the paper? | When pressure and heat are used to fix the tone to the page
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| UART stands for_______________. | Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter
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| Socket A CPUs are manufactured by ____________? | AMD
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| Which of the following virus can corrupt the hardware? | CMOS virus
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| Which of the following card types can slide into a cardbus slot of a laptop? | PCMCIA cards, Cardbus EXPLANATION = Cardbus as well as PCMCIA cards can slide into the cardbus slot.
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| What do you use to check for line-voltage sags? | Polarity Tester
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| What is IRQ 3 used for? | Com port EXPLANATION = The symptom clearly states a problem of worn ribbon. The situation would warrant serious troubleshooting only if print was garbled or the status lights were as they should not ideally be.
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| Given the below colour codes identify the colour dedicated for a ground wire usually? | Black
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| Which connector does the present day SVGA monitor connect? | DB-15
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| Which of the following statements about SRAM is untrue? | Used in old IBM AT machines
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| Which of the following IRQs cascades with IRQ 2? | 9
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| When a specific part of a line does not print too well in a dot matrix printer, which of the following may help the situation? | Cleaning the firing pins of the print head and changing the print head
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| While troubleshooting a hardware problem in the field, which of the following problematic devices cannot be replaced by you? | SMD EXPLANATION = SMD (Surface Mounted Devices) are not field replaceable units. If problem exists in them, they need to be replaced and soldered back using special equipment, that cannot be done in the field. Assuming that a motherboard has a problemati
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| The speed of the CPU is measured in _____________? | MHz
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| Which of the following is true of Firewire? | Supports up to 63 devices on a single controller, Is Plug and Play compliant, Is hot-swappable, Is very fast
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| RS-232 is a standard that applies to: | Serial ports
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| While connecting the 40-pin controller cable to and IDE-HDD, the red stripe of the cable will interface with which of the following? | Pin 1
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| Which of the following passive components will help with terminating a SCSI bus? | Resistors
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| Which of the following sensitive components of a laser printer should be protected from light? | Drum
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| With reference to display resolution, the distance between dots on the screen is measured by___________. | Dot pitch – Dot pictch is measured in millimeters
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| When designing a campus network if you had to connect segments running in two adjacent building, which of the following connectivity devices would you consider? | Repeater
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| Which of the following is lease likely to be a field replaceable unit? | A surface-mounted integrated circuit
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| How many pins do SCSI interfaces have? | 50
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| _________is a 32 bit expansion slot usually available on present day desktops. | PCI
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| Which of the following types of storage devices can be used to configure hardware level RAIDs? | SCSI
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| Which of the following contact pin packages do SIMMs appear in? | 30 and 72
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| Which of the following is the most effective CPU cooling method? | Ensure the CPU Fan is working
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| Which of the following describes current floppy disk drive specifications? | 3.5 inch with 1.44MB storage capacity
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| Which processors use slot 2? | Intel Xeon
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| Which of the following present day CPUs use Slot 1? | Pentium II, Pentium III, Celeron
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| Which of the following statements correctly define a Flash memory? | An ability to upgrade of the PC’s BIOS without replacing hardware
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| ______________ is a measure of the average time that it takes the drives R/W heads to access data on the drive. | Access Time
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| Which of the following is a power connector that is commonly found on an ATX system? | P1
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| Power supplies with voltage selector switches are called | fixed-input power supplies
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| Voltage selector switches have two settings | example 220 and 110 depending on manufacturer
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| If the switch is set to higher voltage than supplied by the power source | the system will not receive enough power and will not function properly
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| If the switch is set to lower voltage than supplied by the power source (ie switch 110V and connected to 220V outlet) What would happen? | You run the risk of burning out the power supply, damaging system components, or more seriouly, creating a fire or electrocution hazard.
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| Computers that don't have a manual voltage switch are called | Auto-Switching power supplies - they detect the voltage level supplied by the outlet and set themselves to the correct voltage automatically
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| System components can't use the 120-volt power coming directly from the electrical outlet. | The PSU or power supply steps down the voltages to -3.3, -5, and 12-volt connections for system components
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| PSU Wires are color-coded | as to their voltages
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| PSU - Yellow Wire | +12
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| PSU - Blue Wire | -12
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| PSU - Red Wire | +5
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| PSU - White Wire | -5
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| Component - Motor | +/-12
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| Component - Circuitry | +/-5
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| Component - Processor | 3.3
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| Is a system unit component that prevents damage to computer parts by dissipating the heat generated inside a computer chassis | Cooling system
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| Cooling system can consist of | one or more fans, and other components such as heat sinks or liquid cooling systems
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| Components that require cooling | The computer case, CPU, power supply, some adapter cards, and some hard disk drives
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| Is a printed circuit board that you install into a slot on the computer’s system board to expand the functionality of the computer | Adapter cards
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| Adapter card is also known as | expansion card, I/O card, add-in or simply a board
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