NUHS Phys CH4
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| Movement of molecules from 1 location to another b/c of random thermal molecular motion; always occurs from a region of high concentration to low. | show 🗑
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| Irregular motion of small particles suspended in a liquid or a gas | show 🗑
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| the amount of molecules crossing a surface in a unit of time | show 🗑
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| difference between two one-way fluxes | show 🗑
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| state during which diffusion fluxes in opposite directions are equal; that is, the net flux equals zero | show 🗑
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| 4 factors that affect the rate of diffusion: | show 🗑
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| show | Permeability coefficient
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| Give examples of "non-polar molecules" that are able to diffuse through lipid bilayers | show 🗑
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| small passage in plasma membrane through which certain small diameter molecules and ions can diffuse | show 🗑
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| voltage difference between inside and outside of a cell | show 🗑
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| Name the most common ions that diffuse through channels and their normal direction with relation to cells. | show 🗑
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| show | Electrochemical gradient
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| show | Channel gating; (3) different types: chemically, mechanically, & voltage gated.
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| show | (ligand) or Chemically gated channel
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| membrane ion channel that is opened or closed by deformation or stretch of the plasma membrane | show 🗑
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| show | Voltage gaged channel
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| show | Mediated transport
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| integral membrane protein that mediates passage of molecule through membrane; also called carrier | show 🗑
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| system that uses a transporter coupled to an energy source to move ions or molecules across a membrane against an electrochemical difference; "uphill" | show 🗑
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| show | Facilitated transport
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| show | Primary Active Transport
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| show | Secondary Active Transport
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| show | Na+/K+ ATPase pumps: For each ATP hydrolyzed, 3 Na ions pump out of a cell & 2 K ions pump in.
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| show | Intracellular fluid: Na= 15mM, K= 150mM; Extracellular fluid: Na= 150mM, K= 5mM
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| show | Cotransport
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| show | Countertransport
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| show | Osmosis
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| total solute concentration of a solution; what is the "normal" physiological level? | show 🗑
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| one mole of solute ions and molecules | show 🗑
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| membrane permeable to some substances (usually water) but not to others (some solutes) | show 🗑
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| show | Osmotic pressure
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| dissolved substance that does not passively diffuse across a plasma membrane | show 🗑
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| any solution that does not cause the change in cell size; has the same concentration of non-penetrating solutes as normal extracellular fluid | show 🗑
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| solutions that have a non-penetrating solute concentration lower than that found in cells, therefore water moves by osmosis into the cells, causing them to swell | show 🗑
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| show | Hypertonic
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| show | Isoosmotic
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| having total solute concentration less than that of normal (300mOsm)extracellular fluid | show 🗑
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| show | Hyperosmotic
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| process in which intracellular vesicle fuses with plasma membrane, & its contents are released (exit) into the extracellular fluid | show 🗑
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| show | Endocytosis
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| type of "fluid" endocytosis in which vesicles "drink" small amounts of extracellular fluid | show 🗑
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| type of endocytosis in which vesicles "eat" large amounts of extracellular fluid | show 🗑
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| show | Receptor-mediated endocytosis
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| show | Paracellular pathway
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| crossing an epithelium by movement into an epithelial cell, diffusion through the cytosol of that cel, and exit across the opposite membrane | show 🗑
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| show | Endocrine gland
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| cluster of epithelial cells cells specialized for secretion and having ducts that lead to an epithelial surface | show 🗑
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