Exam 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Which of the following organisms have eukaryotic cells that do NOT contain a cell wall | show 🗑
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| Which of the following statements about ribosomes is FALSE? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following pairs is MISMATCHED? | show 🗑
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| show | phagocytosis
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| Which of the following statements does NOT provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory? | show 🗑
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| A population of bacterial cells has been placed in a very nutrient-poor environment with extremely low concentrations of sugars and amino acids. Which kind of membrane transport becomes crucial in this environment? | show 🗑
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| show | contains the bacterial chromosome
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| Bacillus anthraciscauses the deadly disease anthrax. Organisms of the genus Bacillus may form endospores. This bacterium would be suitable for biological warfare because endospores __________. | show 🗑
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| The endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached to its outer surface is referred to as __________. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair? | show 🗑
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| show | isotonic
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| show | ATP synthesis
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| The __________ is a fluid structure that allows membrane proteins to move freely. 0 | show 🗑
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| The plasma membrane is considered a barrier to the environment because __________. | show 🗑
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| The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell differs from the nucleoid of a prokaryotic cell in all of the following ways EXCEPT which one? | show 🗑
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| Polyphosphate (volutin), carboxysomes, and magnetosomes are examples of __________. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following processes uses membrane proteins that act as channels or carriers allowing ions or large molecules to move across the plasma membrane without using energy? | show 🗑
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| show | Endospores are extremely durable structures that can survive high temperatures.
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| Which of the following membrane transport mechanisms takes place in eukaryotic cells but NOT in prokaryotic cells? | show 🗑
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| show | Active transport
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| show | inclusions
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| You have isolated a cell with a peptidoglycan cell wall. What other structure can you safely assume the cell has? | show 🗑
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| show | leakage of intracellular contents
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| Assume you are growing a bacterial culture in a glucose medium. Your lab partner adds more glucose in hopes of speeding up the experiment. The bacteria suddenly die. The best explanation for this result is that __________. | show 🗑
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| show | peritrichous
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| Cocci may be arranged as __________. | show 🗑
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| show | lophotrichous
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| show | capsule
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| show | Observation of nuclei
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| show | gram-positive staphylococci
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| Penicillin specifically interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis. Which of the following cells is most likely to be damaged by penicillin? | show 🗑
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| show | Chloroplast
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| Spirochetes and spirilla are both spiral-shaped bacteria. However, they differ in that spirochetes have __________ and spirilla do not. | show 🗑
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| In a prokaryotic cell, all of the following are functions of either fimbriae or pili EXCEPT __________. | show 🗑
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| Why is penicillin selectively toxic to bacterial cells but harmless to human cells? | show 🗑
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| show | It contains enzymes for energy synthesis.
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| show | streptococci
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| show | The cell will swell and burst.
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| Gram-negative cells contain a periplasmic space that is __________. | show 🗑
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| show | Gram-positive streptobacilli
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| Chemotaxis refers to the ability of microorganisms to __________. | show 🗑
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| show | tumbles
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| show | lipid A
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| show | Mycoplasma species have very flexible cells that can pass through bacteriologic filters.
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| Phototaxis refers to the ability of microorganisms to __________. | show 🗑
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| Consider a gram-positive cell in a hypertonic medium. If the peptidoglycan were damaged, the cell would __________. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following pairs is matched correctly? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following bacterial structures is necessary for chemotaxis? | show 🗑
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| show | It contains teichoic acid.
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| show | Creates a slimy, slippery coating that prevents bacteria form attaching to surfaces
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| Where is the genetic information of the cell stored? | show 🗑
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| show | cytoskeleton.
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| show | mitochondria
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| show | mRNA
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| One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles? | show 🗑
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| Where are lipids made in the cell? | show 🗑
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| show | plasma membrane
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| show | The concentration gradient drives the movement.
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| Once equilibrium is reached, | show 🗑
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| Which of the following would not move freely across the cytoplasmic membrane? | show 🗑
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| show | Circular chromosome, not enclosed within a nuclear envelope
Peptidoglycan-containing cell wall
Flagella that rotate, composed of flagellin
70s ribosomes
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| Eukaryotic cells | show 🗑
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| show | nucleoid
cytoplasm
ribosomes
plasma membrane
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| show | cell wall
flagella
capsule
fimbriae
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| show | interfering with translation at 70s ribosomes
inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis
inhibition of fimbriae synthesis
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| A strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae is no longer able to synthesize its capsular polysaccharide. What is a likely outcome? | show 🗑
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| show | It will be unable to adhere to host tissue and establish infection
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| show | Fimbriae
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| Which statement best describes how streptomycin attacks bacterial cells? | show 🗑
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| Why are most Gram-negative bacteria resistant to the actions of penicillin? | show 🗑
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| show | Blood in the urine
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| show | short amino acid chains, NAG, NAM, and some lipid proteins
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| show | thick layer of peptidoglycan
teichoic acids
single lipid bilayer membrane
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| show | thin layer of peptidoglycan
periplasmic space
lipopolysaccharides
dual lipid bilayer membranes
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| show | False
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| show | Capsule
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| show | Golgi complex
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Nucleus
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| show | Flagella
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
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| Members of the Adenoviridae cause __________. | show 🗑
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| show | Penicillin will interfere with peptidoglycan synthesis, ultimately weakening the cell wall and leading to cellular lysis.
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| What effect will the penicillin have on Shelly’s cells? | show 🗑
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| Viruses that use RNA as a template for transcribing DNA include __________. | show 🗑
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| A virus may contain any of any of the following EXCEPT (a) __________. | show 🗑
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| show | envelope
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| show | phage therapy
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| show | Disease symptoms
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| Which type of microscope is needed to view a virus in the laboratory? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following terms are NOT correctly matched? | show 🗑
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| Influenza viruses are classified according to their hemagglutin and __________ proteins. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is NOT characteristic of viruses? | show 🗑
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| A double-stranded, enveloped DNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase belongs to which family? | show 🗑
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| show | capsid
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| Viruses possess genetic material comprised of DNA or __________. | show 🗑
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| show | Viruses will usually infect any available cell, regardless of the cell type.
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| To what does the term viral species refer? | show 🗑
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| What is the usual size range of viruses? | show 🗑
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| How does specialized transduction differ from regular lysogeny? | show 🗑
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| What happens to the packaged DNA of a specialized transduced phage when it infects a new recipient cell? | show 🗑
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| show | The prophage takes an antibiotic resistance gene with it and is packaged with the newly synthesized viral DNA.
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| How are viruses different from eukaryotic cells? | show 🗑
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| What is the function of the structural elements of a virus? | show 🗑
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| Lysogenic viral DNA which has integrated into the host genome is referred to as | show 🗑
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| show | Exposure to UV light
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| show | The host cell dies during the lytic stage.
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| show | It is copied every time the host DNA replicates.
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| In which stage is the viral DNA introduced into the cell? | show 🗑
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| In which stage does formation of mature viruses occur? | show 🗑
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| show | Biosynthesis
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| show | The virus would not be able to infect new hosts.
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| From which phrase is the term “prions” derived? | show 🗑
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| show | 1982
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| show | Scrapie
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| How are prions different from other infectious agents? | show 🗑
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| show | assisting in normal synaptic development and function.
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| show | Normal PrP have alpha-helices; infectious PrP have beta-pleated sheets.
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| How does the number of infectious prions increase? | show 🗑
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| Why are the beta-pleated multimers of PrP potentially pathogenic? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following prion diseases is found in deer and elk? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following prion diseases was also known as laughing disease? | show 🗑
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| show | Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
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| What part of the nervous system is most affected by fatal familial insomnia? | show 🗑
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| show | The prion disorder causes infected sheep to scrape against objects until their skin is raw.
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| show |
Diarrhea
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| Which of the following are the main causative agents of the common cold? | show 🗑
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| show | Proteins
Nucleic acids
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| Arrange the following steps in the order in which they occur during the reproductive cycle of the type of virus that causes the common cold. | show 🗑
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| show | Viruses do not possess targets for antibiotics.
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| Which of the following statements concerning viruses is true? | show 🗑
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| show | Spikes are found on some viruses. They are very consistent in structure within a viral species and can be used for identification.
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| Each of the following can be used for the detection and/or identification of viruses except _______________. | show 🗑
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| show | Diploid cell culture lines, developed from human embryos, are widely used for culturing viruses that require a human host.
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| Which statement is INCORRECT concerning animal viruses? | show 🗑
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| show | During lysogeny, the viral genome integrates into the host DNA, becoming a physical part of the chromosome.
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| show | coronavirus
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| show | Latent infections can persist for years in an individual without causing any symptoms.
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| show | Normal host cellular prion proteins (PrPC) are converted into scrapie proteins (PrPSc).
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| Which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with a - (minus) strand of RNA? | show 🗑
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| An envelope is acquired during which of the following steps? | show 🗑
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| All of the following are prion diseases EXCEPT __________. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is NOT an oncogenic virus? | show 🗑
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| show | Measles virus
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| show | Blocking viral attachment to host cell receptors
Blocking uncoating of the virus after entry
Blocking insertion of viral DNA into the host cell chromosomes
Blocking biosynthesis of viral nucleic acids
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| Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched? | show 🗑
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| show | latent infection
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| show | Measles virus
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| Infectious agents known as __________ cause Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is NOT an oncolytic virus? | show 🗑
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| show | altering normal proteins
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| An example of a latent virus infection is __________. | show 🗑
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| show | Viroid
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| show | Prophage
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| show | Nutrient agar culture medium
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| show | Uncoating
🗑
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| During __________, the phage remains latent. | show 🗑
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| Which of these statements is NOT true? | show 🗑
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| Cell lines derived from transformed (cancerous) cells are called __________. | show 🗑
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| The toxin production by Corynebacterium diphtheriae carrying a temperate phage is an example of __________. | show 🗑
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| Which two virus families make DNA from an RNA template? | show 🗑
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| How might a virus pick up a human oncogene? | show 🗑
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| show | There would be small zones of clearing in the bacterial culture.
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| show | Synthesize mRNA from the – sense RNA genome
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| show | reverse transcriptase
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| show | Budding
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|
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| show | serve as a template for the production of sense (+ strand) RNA
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|
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| Which of the following is the preferred method for cultivating many animal viruses? | show 🗑
|
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| Why may you be asked whether you are allergic to eggs before receiving a vaccination? | show 🗑
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| show | phage DNA is inserted into the host chromosome
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| Which of these processes of viral multiplication is most likely to damage the host cell? | show 🗑
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| How would you know that viruses were multiplying in a confluent lawn of E. coli on a solid culture medium? | show 🗑
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| Which of these viruses can incorporate the molecule serving as mRNA into its capsid? | show 🗑
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| Which of these enzymes is necessary for the replication of a + strand RNA virus? | show 🗑
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| The following steps occur during bacteriophage replication. What is the second step? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | active transport
🗑
|
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| Which type of solution would cause a bacterium with a weak or damaged cell wall to burst as water moves into the cell? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | In gram-negative bacteria, the thin layer of peptidoglycan is surrounded by an outer membrane made of phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and proteins.
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|
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| You are observing a Gram stain of spherical-shaped microorganisms that are linked in a chain and stain purple. How would you describe these bacteria using the correct terminology for the cell shape and arrangement? | show 🗑
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| show | decomposition reaction
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|
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| Catabolic | show 🗑
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| show | pathways build up macromolecules by combining simpler molecules
pathways require energy
reactions couple with ATP synthesis.
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|
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| In the generation of ATP, energy is released when electrons are passed to a series of electron acceptors and finally to oxygen or another inorganic compound. What is this process called? | show 🗑
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| show | to regenerate NAD+ from NADH
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| show | chemoheterotroph
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| show | Energy is required to disrupt a substrate’s stable electron configuration.
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|
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| What is meant by the statement “Enzymes are biological catalysts”? | show 🗑
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| Why are enzymes important to biological systems? | show 🗑
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| How does a competitive inhibitor slow enzyme catalysis? | show 🗑
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| show | Competitive inhibitors have structures that resemble the enzyme’s substrate.
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| show | PABA will not be catalyzed.
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|
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| Which of the following statements regarding competitive inhibitors is true? | show 🗑
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| How does a noncompetitive inhibitor reduce an enzyme’s activity? | show 🗑
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| show | No change in enzyme activity would be observed.
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| show | It alters the active site of reverse transcriptase, decreasing that enzyme’s activity.
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|
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| show | a redox reaction.
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|
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| During an oxidation reaction, | show 🗑
|
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| Why is reduction the term used to describe the gain of an electron? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following statements regarding redox reactions is true? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The 6-carbon skeleton of glucose is enzymatically split into two 3-carbon compounds.
Glucose is the original electron donor.
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized, and NAD+ is reduced to NADH.
More ATP is formed than is consumed in this process
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| show | ATP makes it easier to break apart glucose into two three-carbon molecules.
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| Glycolysis literally means | show 🗑
|
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| How many net ATPs can be made from one molecule of glucose in glycolysis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Pyruvic acid
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|
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| show | Glycolysis is also called the Embden-Meyerhof pathway.
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|
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| show | NADH and ATP
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|
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| show | They are oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and water.
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|
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| What is meant by substrate-level phosphorylation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is needed as a reactant for the first step of the citric acid cycle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Two ATP
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|
||||
| Which of the following statements about fermentation is true? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | It takes the electrons from NADH, oxidizing it back into NAD+.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the fate of the NAD+ newly regenerated by fermentation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is an acid produced by fermentation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Acetaldehyde
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|
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| Where would you expect to find electron transport chains in a prokaryote? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Where does the energy come from to power the formation of GTP? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | chemiosmosis
🗑
|
||||
| Why does FADH2 yield less ATP than NADH? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Molecular oxygen
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ubiquinones are not made of protein; cytochromes are.
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|
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| show | Protons move from outside the membrane to inside the membrane.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Lack of iron would mean lack of heme, and thus lower amounts of functioning cytochrome proteins. This would mean lower energy yields.
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|
||||
| What is the role of light energy in photosynthesis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide
🗑
|
||||
| show | Chlorophyll
🗑
|
||||
| Where do the electrons from photosystem I ultimately go after they are passed through the electron transport proteins? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What drives the production of ATP in cyclic photophosphorylation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Where does the energy to excite the electrons in photosystem I come from? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following types of organisms uses hydrogen sulfide for reducing power? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Green sulfur bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is a bacterium that performs oxygenic photosynthesis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Photoheterotrophs use organic compounds as their carbon source; photoautotrophs use carbon dioxide as their carbon source.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The presence of chloroplasts
🗑
|
||||
| Noncyclic photophosphorylation employs which photosystem(s)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Reduce NADP+ to NADPH
🗑
|
||||
| What is the fate of the NADPH molecules created during noncyclic photophosphorylation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Sunlight is not directly needed to carry out this process.
🗑
|
||||
| show | NADPH
🗑
|
||||
| What is the key product formed by the Calvin-Benson cycle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | One
🗑
|
||||
| show | glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain
🗑
|
||||
| What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | mitochondrion
🗑
|
||||
| Which statement describes glycolysis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which statement describes the citric acid cycle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
🗑
|
||||
| show | Chloroplast
🗑
|
||||
| show | An electron transport chain
🗑
|
||||
| What two molecules are produced by the light reactions and used to power the Calvin cycle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | H2O
🗑
|
||||
| show | Carbon dioxide (CO2)
🗑
|
||||
| show | NADPH
🗑
|
||||
| The light reactions take place in the _________ and the Calvin cycle takes place in the _________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following actions would increase enzymatic activity in a bacterial cell that normally thrives in the human body? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is true concerning ribozymes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is true of aerobic respiration compared to anaerobic respiration? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the oxidation of proteins? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following best describes the role of the gut microbiome in human digestion? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | To regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis.
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following gases is or are produced during the breakdown of cysteine and methionine and is responsible for foul-smelling flatulence? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Fever
🗑
|
||||
| show | True
🗑
|
||||
| show | Starches are digested into individual glucose molecules.
Glucose is broken down into two pyruvates
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ammonia is added to glutamate to form glutamine
.Four amino acids are linked together to form a tetrapeptide.
Ribose and inorganic phosphate are bonded to form a nucleotide base.
A uracil base is added to an mRNA strand by RNA polymerase
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1. A bacterium that is a common cause of human infections but is also part of our microflora would have to be in the mesophile class of bacteria.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 2. A bacterium with increased cholesterol in its cytoplasmic membrane to maintain membrane fluidity at extremely low temperatures would probably fall in the psychrophile class of bacteria.
🗑
|
||||
| thermophile | show 🗑
|
||||
| Glycolysis generates energy by producing? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 4 ATP, 16 NADH, 4 FADH2
🗑
|
||||
| show | Without the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain, the hydrogen ion gradient is not produced, chemiosmosis will not occur. Without chemiosmosis, the cell is unable to produce enough cellular ATP to survive.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The intermediate step
🗑
|
||||
| show | Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor, and anaerobic respiration uses either an inorganic molecule, such as nitrate ions or sulfate ions, or an organic molecule, such as an acid or alcohol.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Catabolic reactions are exergonic; they break down complex organic molecules into simpler ones.
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following statements is correct about enzymes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | oxidation—reaction in which electrons are gained
🗑
|
||||
| show | anabolic
🗑
|
||||
| Unlike chemiosmosis in eukaryotes, prokaryotes chemiosmosis __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Competitive inhibition of enzyme action involves __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | NAD+
🗑
|
||||
| show | Oxidation; reaction in which electrons are gained
🗑
|
||||
| show | temperature
amount of substrate
pH
🗑
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| In __________ an end-product of an anabolic pathway inhibits the activity of one or more enzymes in a pathway. | show 🗑
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||||
| show | Electrons
🗑
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| show | conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid
🗑
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| Which of the following mechanisms does NOT generate ATP using an electron transport chain? | show 🗑
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| show | bring together reactants or properly orient a molecule for a reaction
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| Some amino acids are synthesized by adding an amine group to pyruvic acid or to one of the Krebs cycle intermediates. This process is known as __________. | show 🗑
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| When fermentation tests are used to help identify bacteria, which of the following end-products is typically detected by a color change? | show 🗑
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| show | synthesize sugars
🗑
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||||
| A Thiobacillus bacterium uses the Calvin-Benson cycle to reduce CO2 and the oxidation of sulfide ions for energy. This organism is a __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following terms refers to pathways that can function in both anabolism and catabolism? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following are products of noncyclic photophosphorylation reactions in oxygenic organisms? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Carbon fixation occurs during __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | carbon fixation
🗑
|
||||
| Which group of organisms has members representing each of the following nutritional classifications: chemoheterotrophs, chemoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs, and photoautotrophs? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which organism is NOT correctly matched to its energy source? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Glucose
🗑
|
||||
| The __________ is commonly used to identify aerobic microorganisms. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Heterotrophs use organic molecules as energy and carbon sources. To produce five-carbon intermediates needed for synthesis of nucleic acids, the cell utilizes the __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | chemoheterotroph
🗑
|
||||
| show | chemoautotroph
🗑
|
||||
| show | ATP
🗑
|
||||
| show | deamination
🗑
|
||||
| Organisms that use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and ammonia or hydrogen sulfide as energy sources are called __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Streptococci lack an electron transport chain. How many molecules of ATP can a Streptococcus cell net from one molecule of glucose? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Oxidative phosphorylation
🗑
|
||||
| All of the following steps are involved in the aerobic electron transport chain. Which step happens last? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Fermentation differs from anaerobic respiration in that fermentation does NOT __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| The complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic and anaerobic respiration involves which three stages? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | an electrochemical gradient formed across a membrane
🗑
|
||||
| show | High ATP and high NADH
🗑
|
||||
| show | The electron transport chain
🗑
|
||||
| At the completion of the Krebs cycle, the carbons from glucose are found in __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following statements is accurate concerning glucose metabolism? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | NADH and FADH2
🗑
|
||||
| show | NAD+
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following would you predict to be a feedback inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Glycolysis produces ATP through __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| NADH molecules formed during glycolysis and in the Krebs cycle are __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Lipids
Proteins
Sugars
🗑
|
||||
| show | All of the following are potential end-products of fermentation EXCEPT __________.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Log phase
🗑
|
||||
| show | Streak plate
🗑
|
||||
| show | 52,000 bacteria per gram
🗑
|
||||
| show | 6 generations
🗑
|
||||
| During log phase, bacteria are __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| When a bacterial cell reproduces by splitting into two daughter cells, the process is called __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Inward growth of membrane
🗑
|
||||
| You are testing the number of coliforms in a drinking water source. Which of the following test methods would be best to use? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | takes less than 12 hours to complete
🗑
|
||||
| Bacterial growth refers to an increase in the __________ of bacterial cells. | show 🗑
|
||||
| In a(n) __________, cells are added to melted agar and poured into a Petri dish. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | storing cultures at room temperature (25°C)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Stationary phase
🗑
|
||||
| During the lag phase, __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Lysis of the existing cell wall
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following is NOT a method used for the direct measurement of microbial growth? | show 🗑
|
||||
| If a single bacterium replicated every 30 minutes, how many bacteria would be present in 2 hours? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bacteria that CANNOT grow in the presence of oxygen (O2) are called __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | facultative anaerobe
🗑
|
||||
| show | Psychotroph
🗑
|
||||
| What do all of these bacteria have in common? Bacteria in the rumen of cattle and sheep Bacteria in a sewage treatment plant Bacteria growing in the middle ear in chronic otitis media Bacteria growing on the teeth in dental plaque | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bacteria growing in and on the human body, including normal microbiota as well as pathogens, are classified as __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The microbes in biofilms can work cooperatively to carry out complex tasks.
🗑
|
||||
| show | a microaerophile
🗑
|
||||
| show | The ability of bacteria in a biofilm to communicate with each other and coordinate their activities
🗑
|
||||
| show | nitrogen fixation
🗑
|
||||
| show | obligate aerobe
🗑
|
||||
| show | Molecular oxygen
🗑
|
||||
| An organism displays some growth at 4°C and at 25°C. However, it grows best at 20°C. This organism would be classified as a __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bacteria that spoil food in the refrigerator are most likely __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | obligate anaerobes
🗑
|
||||
| show | Hyperthermophiles; 0°C
🗑
|
||||
| show | complex
🗑
|
||||
| A bacterial medium contains chemicals that inhibit gram-positive bacteria and indicators so that bacteria that ferment lactose produce red colonies, and bacteria that do not ferment lactose produce colorless colonies. Such a medium is called __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | reduced
🗑
|
||||
| Which biosafety level features open laboratory bench tops, gloves, lab coat, and face and eye protection? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | selective
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following statements about culture media is FALSE? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | complex medium
🗑
|
||||
| show | organic growth factor
🗑
|
||||
| show | selective
🗑
|
||||
| Blood agar used to observe hemolysis or clearing around Streptococcus pyogenes colonies is an example of a(n) __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which level of biosafety (BSL) is appropriate for handling organisms that present the highest risk level for infection and the lowest success rate for prevention and treatment? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | proteins
🗑
|
||||
| show | Both a blood agar plate in an anaerobe jar and sodium thioglycolate broth
🗑
|
||||
| show | selective
🗑
|
||||
| show | buffers
🗑
|
||||
| Martian soil is inoculated into a glucose-containing medium. The radioactive form of carbon, 14C, is used in the glucose. After incubation for five days, which of the following would provide evidence suggesting that there is life on Mars? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | amphibolic pathways
🗑
|
||||
| In cellular respiration of glucose, what are the three principal stages? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What type of reaction is represented by the equation below? Molecule AB →Molecule A + Molecule B | show 🗑
|
||||
| When bacteria are inoculated into a new sterile nutrient broth, their numbers don’t begin to increase immediately. Instead, there is a lag phase that may last for an hour or even several days. Why don’t bacterial numbers increase immediately? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A chemostat is continuous culture system that is designed to promote and prolong exponential growth and prevent bacteria from entering stationary phase. How might this work? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What results when a single bacterium reproduces? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Forty-eight cells
🗑
|
||||
| show | Disappearance of nuclear envelope
🗑
|
||||
| show | Replication of the bacterial chromosome
🗑
|
||||
| Microbes have very narrow optimum temperature ranges. Which of the following classifications of microbes are most likely to cause human disease, based on their temperature requirements? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bacteria that can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen (O2) are called __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following statements accurately describes the culture medium necessary for growing an obligate anaerobe, such as Clostridium tetani? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | log phase--the phase in which organisms are actively dividing and the generation time is constant
🗑
|
||||
| show | refrigeration
🗑
|
||||
| show | The chromosomes are attached to different parts of cell membrane, which elongates and thus separates the chromosomes.
🗑
|
||||
| show | No time is required -- they are ready to divide immediately after DNA replication and separation of the daughter cells is complete if conditions are right.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 3, 1, 2, 4
🗑
|
||||
| show | The parent cell would now have two copies of the chromosome.
🗑
|
||||
| Starting with three cells, how many cells would result from three rounds of replication? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Patients with indwelling catheters (long-term tubes inserted into body orifices for drainage, such as through the urethra and into the urinary bladder) are susceptible to infections because | show 🗑
|
||||
| For which of the following types of microbes would a microbiologist employ living host cells to support their growth? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | filtration--direct method
🗑
|
||||
| Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction: O2- + O2- + 2H+ → H2O2 + O2? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | catalase
🗑
|
||||
| Which of the following pairs of microbe classification terms and optimal growth temperatures is mismatched? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Most fungi grow best at pH | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 7.
🗑
|
||||
| The term aerotolerant anaerobe refers to an organism that | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | buffers
🗑
|
||||
| show | phosphorus – used for production of carbohydrates.
🗑
|
||||
| show | False
🗑
|
||||
| Pathogenic bacteria isolated from the respiratory or intestinal tracts of humans are | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Good growth accompanied by no change in color of the medium.
🗑
|
||||
| How is pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus distinguished from other species of Staphylococcus? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What factors that are important when formulating culture media? | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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brittanyr
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