Pearson Chapter 3 vocabulary
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| erosion | The process by which water, ice wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil
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| gravity | The Attractive force between objects; the force that moves objects downhill
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| sediment | Small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or the remainder of organisms; earth materials deposited by erosion
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| deposition | process in which sediment is laid down in new locations
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| mass movement | Any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill
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| runoff | Water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground
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| rill | A tiny groove in the soil made by flowing water
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| gully | A large channel in soil that carries runoff after a rain storm
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| stream | A channel though which water is continuously flowing downhill
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| tributary | A stream or river that flows into a larger river
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| flood plain | The flat, wide area of land along a river
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| meander | A loop like bend in the course of a river
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| oxbow lake | A meander cut off from a river
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| delta | A landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into a ocean or lake
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| alluvial fan | A wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range
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| groundwater | Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers
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| stalactite | An icicle like structure that hangs from the roof of cavern
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| stalagmite | A column like form that grows upward from the floor of a cavern
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| karst topography | A region in which a layer of limestone close to the surface creates deep valleys, caverns, and sinkholes
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| glacier | Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land
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| ice age | Time in Earth's history during which glaciers covered large parts of the surface
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| till | The sediment deposited directly by a glacier
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| continental glaciers | A glacier that covers much of a continent or a large island
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| valley galcier | A long, narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice build up in a mountain valley
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| moraine | A ridge formed by the till deposited at the edge of a glacier
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| kettle | A small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacier till
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| plucking | The process by which a glacier picks up rocks as it flows over the land
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| headland | A part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean.
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| Beach | An area of wave washed sediment along the coast.
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| Longshore drift | As waves repeatedly hit the beach sediment moves down the beach with the current
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| Spit | A beach that projects like a finger out into the water.
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| Deflation | The process by which wind removes surface materials
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| Sand dune | When the wind meets an obstacle, the result is usually deposit of wind blown sand
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| Loess | The fine wind deposited sediment
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