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Earth's Surface Chap
Pearson Chapter 3 vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| erosion | The process by which water, ice wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil |
| gravity | The Attractive force between objects; the force that moves objects downhill |
| sediment | Small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or the remainder of organisms; earth materials deposited by erosion |
| deposition | process in which sediment is laid down in new locations |
| mass movement | Any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill |
| runoff | Water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground |
| rill | A tiny groove in the soil made by flowing water |
| gully | A large channel in soil that carries runoff after a rain storm |
| stream | A channel though which water is continuously flowing downhill |
| tributary | A stream or river that flows into a larger river |
| flood plain | The flat, wide area of land along a river |
| meander | A loop like bend in the course of a river |
| oxbow lake | A meander cut off from a river |
| delta | A landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into a ocean or lake |
| alluvial fan | A wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range |
| groundwater | Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers |
| stalactite | An icicle like structure that hangs from the roof of cavern |
| stalagmite | A column like form that grows upward from the floor of a cavern |
| karst topography | A region in which a layer of limestone close to the surface creates deep valleys, caverns, and sinkholes |
| glacier | Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land |
| ice age | Time in Earth's history during which glaciers covered large parts of the surface |
| till | The sediment deposited directly by a glacier |
| continental glaciers | A glacier that covers much of a continent or a large island |
| valley galcier | A long, narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice build up in a mountain valley |
| moraine | A ridge formed by the till deposited at the edge of a glacier |
| kettle | A small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacier till |
| plucking | The process by which a glacier picks up rocks as it flows over the land |
| headland | A part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean. |
| Beach | An area of wave washed sediment along the coast. |
| Longshore drift | As waves repeatedly hit the beach sediment moves down the beach with the current |
| Spit | A beach that projects like a finger out into the water. |
| Deflation | The process by which wind removes surface materials |
| Sand dune | When the wind meets an obstacle, the result is usually deposit of wind blown sand |
| Loess | The fine wind deposited sediment |
Created by:
bostrander
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