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Test questions and terminology

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show the orderly and predictable sequence of changes that occur over time in a community’s species composition  
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show A series of stages of community change in a successional sequence leading toward a stable state. Entire successional sequence (0-250+)  
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Seral Stages   show
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Pioneer Community   show
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Climax Community   show
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Primary Succession   show
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show B = Succession in a habitat that has been disturbed, but in which some aspects of the community remain. N = Succession that begins on previously occupied substrate following a disturbance.  
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Examples of Environmental Disturbances   show
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show Variation of species within a community based on species richness and species evenness.  
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show The number of different species found within some given area. (Measurements are highly dependent on the size of the sampling units)  
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Species Evenness   show
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Allopatric Speciation   show
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Sympatric Speciation   show
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Producer   show
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show Animals that cannot make their own food. They get their energy from other plants and animals. A food chain can have as many as three to four of these. Heterotrophs.  
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Decomposer   show
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Autotroph   show
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show Organisms that get the carbon necessary for life from organic substrates. They cannot synthesize organic carbon-based compounds from inorganic sources in the environment like an autotroph can.  
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show An organism that consumes living plants or their parts.  
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show An animal that consumes primarily the flesh of other animals.  
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Omnivore   show
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Gross Primary Production (GPP)   show
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Net Primary Production (NPP)   show
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Water Use Efficiency (Aka. Transpiration Efficiency )   show
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show Energy from the initial amount of food eaten  
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Egestion (D)   show
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show Energy from the food that is actually digested  
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show New biomass = stored energy (growth, reproduction, and stored materials) P = A-(R-E); P = I-(D+R+E)  
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show The ratio of assimilated energy to ingested energy (%). AE = A/I (x 100) = %  
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Net Production Efficiency (NPE)   show
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Ecological Efficiency (EcE) “food chain efficiency”   show
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show EcE = consumer production / prey production (x 100) = % EcE = production of level “n”/ production of level “n-1” (x 100) = %  
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show Freshly dead or partially decomposed remains of organisms and their indigestible excreta.  
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show Biological assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen to form organic nitrogen-containing compounds. N2 + 6 H+ + 6 e− → 2 NH3 (enzyme Nitrogenase) ex. Rhizobium bacteria symbiosis with legume roots  
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show Oxidation reactions (require oxygen). The oxidation of ammonia by specialized bacteria, yielding nitrite and nitrate.  
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Denitrification   show
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show Removal of soluble compounds from detritus or soil by water (a physical process)  
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show organic -> inorganic “true decomposers” = bacteria & fungi  
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show B = The size of a landscape area of interest. N = Overall area encompassed by the study.  
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Grain   show
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