Test questions and terminology
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| show | the orderly and predictable sequence of changes that occur over time in a community’s species composition
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| Sere | show 🗑
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| Seral Stages | show 🗑
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| show | Initial community of organisms that are invading a newly exposed site or recently disturbed site (ex. herbs & grasses)
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| show | The end point of a successional sequence, or sere; a community that has reached a steady state under a particular set of environmental conditions. Final seral stage (250+) ex. trees
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| show | B = Succession in a newly formed or exposed habitat devoid of life.
N = Succession on area of new mineral substrate. ex. sand dunes, lava flows, bare rock (granite outcrop & glaciers)
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| Secondary Succession | show 🗑
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| show | ex. fire, hurricanes/tornadoes, clear cuts by humans, lightning, storm (temp. change)
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| show | Variation of species within a community based on species richness and species evenness.
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| Species Richness | show 🗑
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| show | The relative abundance of individuals among the species
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| Allopatric Speciation | show 🗑
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| Sympatric Speciation | show 🗑
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| Producer | show 🗑
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| show | Animals that cannot make their own food. They get their energy from other plants and animals. A food chain can have as many as three to four of these. Heterotrophs.
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| Decomposer | show 🗑
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| Autotroph | show 🗑
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| Heterotroph | show 🗑
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| show | An organism that consumes living plants or their parts.
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| show | An animal that consumes primarily the flesh of other animals.
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| show | An animal that consumes both plants and animals.
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| show | The total energy assimilated by autotrophs through photosynthesis.
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| Net Primary Production (NPP) | show 🗑
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| show | The ratio of net primary production to transpiration of water by a plant, usually expressed as grams per kilogram of water.
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| show | Energy from the initial amount of food eaten
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| show | Energy used by Defecation and regurgitation
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| Assimilation (A) | show 🗑
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| Secondary Production (P) | show 🗑
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| Assimilation Efficiency (AE) | show 🗑
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| show | The percentage of assimilated energy that is used for growth and reproduction.
Active endotherms (huge R costs) = <5% NPE Vs. Less active ectotherms = up to ~75% NPE
NPE = P/A (x 100) = %
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| Ecological Efficiency (EcE) “food chain efficiency” | show 🗑
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| show | EcE = consumer production / prey production (x 100) = %
EcE = production of level “n”/ production of level “n-1” (x 100) = %
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| show | Freshly dead or partially decomposed remains of organisms and their indigestible excreta.
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| Nitrogen Fixation | show 🗑
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| Nitrification | show 🗑
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| show | The reduction of nitrate & nitrite to form molecular nitrogen (N2), primarily by specialized bacteria
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| show | Removal of soluble compounds from detritus or soil by water (a physical process)
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| show | organic -> inorganic
“true decomposers” = bacteria & fungi
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| show | B = The size of a landscape area of interest. N = Overall area encompassed by the study.
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| show | B = The degree of resolution at which a landscape is viewed. N = The size of the individual units of observation. (ex. pixels & resolution) Cannot generalize beyond the extent without making assumptions that are likely to be false.
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